{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:36:34Z","timestamp":1790796994954,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004622","name":"KWF Kankerbestrijding","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13650\/2021\u2010Infra"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13650\/2021\u2010Infra"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004622","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014924","name":"Navigate BioPharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytometry Part B Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Measurable residual disease (MRD) assessed by multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) has gained importance in clinical decision\u2010making for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, complying with the recent In Vitro Diagnostic Regulations (IVDR) in Europe and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance in the United States requires rigorous validation prior to their use in investigational clinical trials and diagnostics. Validating AML MRD\u2010MFC assays poses challenges due to the unique underlying disease biology and paucity of patient specimens. In this study, we describe an experimental framework for validation that meets regulatory expectations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our validation efforts focused on evaluating assay accuracy, analytical specificity, analytical and functional sensitivity (limit of blank (LoB), detection (LLoD) and quantitation (LLoQ)), precision, linearity, sample\/reagent stability and establishing the assay background frequencies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Correlation between different MFC methods was highly significant (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.99 for %blasts and\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.93 for %LAIPs). The analysis of LAIP specificity accurately discriminated from negative control cells. The assay demonstrated a LoB of 0.03, LLoD of 0.04, and LLoQ of 0.1%. Precision experiments yielded highly reproducible results (Coefficient of Variation &lt;20%). Stability experiments demonstrated reliable measurement of samples up to 96\u2009h from collection. Furthermore, the reference range of LAIP frequencies in non\u2010AML patients was below 0.1%, ranging from 0.0% to 0.04%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this manuscript, we present the validation of an AML MFC\u2010MRD assay using BM\/PB patient specimens, adhering to best practices. Our approach is expected to assist other laboratories in expediting their validation activities to fulfill recent health authority guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.22144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T03:10:00Z","timestamp":1695870600000},"page":"426-439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Analytical assay validation for acute myeloid leukemia measurable residual disease assessment by multiparametric flow cytometry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0811-0824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesse M.","family":"Tettero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Imaging and Biomarkers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveen","family":"Dakappagari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Navigate BioPharma (a Novartis Subsidiary)  Carlsbad California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maaike E.","family":"Heidinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Imaging and Biomarkers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Oussoren\u2010Brockhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Imaging and Biomarkers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Hanekamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Imaging and Biomarkers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute University Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Pahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Navigate BioPharma (a Novartis Subsidiary)  Carlsbad California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Navigate BioPharma (a Novartis Subsidiary)  Carlsbad California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavinder","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Navigate BioPharma (a Novartis Subsidiary)  Carlsbad California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeni","family":"Alfonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Navigate BioPharma (a Novartis Subsidiary)  Carlsbad California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9457-3763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent H. J.","family":"van der Velden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen G.","family":"te Marvelde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willemijn","family":"Hobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine\u2014Laboratory of Hematology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennichjen","family":"Slomp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry Medisch Spectrum Twente\/Medlon  Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5983-6193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Costa","family":"Bachas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Imaging and Biomarkers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angele","family":"Kelder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Imaging and Biomarkers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Navigate BioPharma (a Novartis Subsidiary)  Carlsbad California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9150-8026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Cloos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Imaging and Biomarkers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"S49","article-title":"Limit of blank, limit of detection and limit of quantitation","volume":"29","author":"Armbruster D. 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