{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T14:57:13Z","timestamp":1785855433208,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytometry Part B Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Distinguishing T\u2010cell from NK\u2010cell neoplasms can occasionally be challenging, as neoplastic T cells can lose T\u2010cell markers such as surface CD3 (sCD3) and CD5 while acquiring NK\u2010cell markers such as CD16, CD56, and CD94. In this study, we present a series of 7 mature T\u2010cell lymphoma\/leukemia cases with NK\u2010like immunophenotypes to clarify diagnostic approaches for lineage determination. The cohort included 3 cases of peripheral T\u2010cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, 2 cases of T\u2010large granular lymphocytic leukemia, and 2 cases of hepatosplenic T\u2010cell lymphoma. In all cases, flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis showed that the neoplastic cells exhibited an NK\u2010like immunophenotype characterized by expression of CD56 and CD94 in all 7 cases, with 4 cases also positive for CD16. Concurrently, the neoplastic cells in all cases were negative for the T\u2010cell markers, including sCD3, CD4, CD5, TCR\u03b1\u03b2, TCR\u03b3\u03b4, and TRBC1 by flow cytometry. These immunophenotypic features mimicked NK cells. But in\n                    <jats:italic>T\u2010cell receptor<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>TCR<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) gene rearrangement analysis, all 7 cases had monoclonal\n                    <jats:italic>TRG<\/jats:italic>\n                    rearrangements, and 4 cases also showed concurrent\n                    <jats:italic>TRB<\/jats:italic>\n                    rearrangements. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that all 6 tested cases were positive for BCL11B, and 1 case was positive for TCR\u03b1\u03b2. Additionally, 2 of 3 cases assessed using a T\u2010cell\u2010specific CD3 antibody were positive for cytoplasmic CD3 by flow cytometry. In summary, this study illustrates that neoplastic T cells can show an NK\u2010like immunophenotype. Features useful for supporting T\u2010lineage in this context include cytoplasmic CD3 expression assessed using a T\u2010cell\u2010specific CD3 antibody, clonal\n                    <jats:italic>TCR<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene rearrangement, BCL11B expression, and detection of TCR\u03b1\u03b2, TCR\u03b3\u03b4, or TRBC by immunohistochemistry.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.70020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T04:32:06Z","timestamp":1771648326000},"page":"288-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mature T\u2010cell leukemia\/lymphoma with an\n                    <scp>NK<\/scp>\n                    \u2010like immunophenotype: A report of 7 cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1957-3226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei J.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9385-9911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sa A.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1780-5959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1875-2986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7110-3814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shimin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4218-4587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianqun","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1897-1644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6577-8006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. Jeffrey","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6821-4556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01620-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425210"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407359101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/IR:35:3:263"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022015851"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-317371"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112236"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"E5980","article-title":"Distinct human circulating NKp30(+)FcepsilonRIgamma(+)CD8(+) T cell population exhibiting high natural killer\u2010like antitumor potential","volume":"115","author":"Correia M. P.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1386132"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403981"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-023-03520-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2022.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2021.106614"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abc9801"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0238-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1188995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-022-00358-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000323"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402295101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1188989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1188063"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/Q49CRJ030L22MHLF"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04201.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(98)00098-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","article-title":"Lymphoblastic T cells and mature NK cells with the same TCRgamma rearrangement: A common origin?","volume":"5","author":"Roggy A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hema"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2011.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqaa086"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","first-page":"746","article-title":"BCL11B helps to define T\u2010lineage in lymphomas\/leukaemias with a mixed\/ambiguous immunophenotype","volume":"57","author":"Shuyu E.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.669498"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2401277"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/5WFQ-N12E-DT05-UX1T"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1306"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-0761-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqaf009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000614"}],"container-title":["Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cyto.b.70020","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cyto.b.70020","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cyto.b.70020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T14:37:27Z","timestamp":1785854247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cyto.b.70020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cyto.b.70020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cyto.b.70020","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4949","1552-4957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4949","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}