{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T18:13:00Z","timestamp":1774980780926,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytometry Part B Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Minimal\/measurable residual disease detection is routinely performed as part of post\u2010diagnostic treatment plans for many types of cancer, for which multiparameter flow cytometry is one possible modality frequently used. We propose a machine learning approach for binary prediction of minimal residual disease status with flow cytometry data. Our method involves the projection of cells from the original feature space to a low\u2010dimensional embedding in which cells are clustered by similarity, and the cluster\u2010wise cell proportions are used for prediction as well as regression. This is a weakly supervised approach in that the only annotation required for the training set data is the percentage of neoplastic cells present in each case. We demonstrate the applicability of our method with respect to a cohort of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient data to obtain high levels of accuracy. We contrast our approach with other proposed machine learning methods for application to minimal residual disease prediction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cytob.70008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T11:07:56Z","timestamp":1771326476000},"page":"77-91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Automated\n                    <scp>CLL<\/scp>\n                    cell population detection using a weakly supervised approach and\n                    <scp>CLL MRD<\/scp>\n                    flow cytometry data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8017-6916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wikum","family":"Dinalankara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chandler","family":"Sy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiani","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul B.","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Marchionni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6237-6861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul D.","family":"Simonson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.22116"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-06-792333"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.21148"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.22097"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"2745","article-title":"iwCLL guidelines for diagnosis, indications for treatment, response assessment, and supportive management of CLL","volume":"131","author":"Hallek M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood, the Journal of the American Society of Hematology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.10.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2012.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McInnes L. Healy J. &Melville J.(2018).Umap: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction. arXiv preprint arXiv:180203426.","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.00861"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2310063"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.18802"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.23852"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14102537"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9650-6_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-190275"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.22168"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-08-634816"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","article-title":"Visualizing data using t\u2010SNE","volume":"9","author":"Van der Maaten L.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22625"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","unstructured":"Vettigli G.(2018).MiniSom: minimalistic and NumPy\u2010based implementation of the Self Organizing Map."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13040629"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14040898"}],"container-title":["Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cytob.70008","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cytob.70008","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cytob.70008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T17:40:29Z","timestamp":1774978829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cytob.70008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cytob.70008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cytob.70008","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4949","1552-4957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4949","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}