{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T17:53:50Z","timestamp":1789408430856,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytometry Part B Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The dihydrorhodamine\u2010123 flow cytometry (DHR FC) assay is used to diagnose chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). This study presents the experience of a single center with the DHR FC assay in a large cohort to evaluate its applications and limitations. A total of 179 subjects were included in the study for CGD diagnosis, X\u2010linked CGD (X\u2010CGD) carrier determination, and post\u2010hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) chimerism monitoring. We performed the DHR FC assay using a standardized protocol, with additional intracellular myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining for borderline cases. The DHR FC assay demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy. PMA stimulation detected 94% of CGD cases.\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    stimulation identified all CGD cases, including atypical EROS\u2010deficient (\n                    <jats:italic>CYBC1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) patients (4.3% of the cohort) who exhibited residual reactive oxygen species production (median SI PMA\u2009=\u200940 vs.\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200924). Genetic confirmation revealed that 82% of CGD patients had X\u2010CGD (\n                    <jats:italic>CYBB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and 18% had autosomal recessive CGD (\n                    <jats:italic>CYBA<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>NCF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>NCF2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>CYBC1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) forms. Borderline results were clarified by MPO staining, which diagnosed three MPO\u2010deficient cases. The assay reliably identified 43 X\u2010CGD carriers out of 45 suspected cases and showed a strong correlation with the real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for HSCT chimerism monitoring (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.78,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The DHR FC assay is a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool for CGD, providing results within hours. Its applications extend to X\u2010CGD carrier detection and post\u2010HSCT chimerism monitoring. Dual\u2010stimulant protocols (PMA\u2009+\u2009\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and MPO staining enhance diagnostic accuracy. These findings support the use of the DHR FC assay as a versatile and essential tool in CGD management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cytob.70014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T11:02:10Z","timestamp":1771239730000},"page":"201-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimizing the diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease using dihydrorhodamine\u2010123 assay: Lessons from a large monocentric cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2874-0014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lodoeva","family":"Oiuna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology and Immunotherapy, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology  Moscow 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