{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:23:20Z","timestamp":1789478600336,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":59,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite the association of vitamin D deficiency with incident dementia, the role of supplementation is unclear. We prospectively explored associations between vitamin D supplementation and incident dementia in 12,388 dementia\u2010free persons from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline exposure to vitamin D was considered D+; no exposure prior to dementia onset was considered D\u2212. Kaplan\u2013Meier curves compared dementia\u2010free survival between groups. Cox models assessed dementia incidence rates across groups, adjusted for age, sex, education, race, cognitive diagnosis, depression, and apolipoprotein E (<jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>) \u03b54. Sensitivity analyses examined incidence rates for each vitamin D formulation. Potential interactions between exposure and model covariates were explored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Across all formulations, vitamin D exposure was associated with significantly longer dementia\u2010free survival and lower dementia incidence rate than no exposure (hazard ratio\u00a0=\u00a00.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.55\u20130.65). The effect of vitamin D on incidence rate differed significantly across the strata of sex, cognitive status, and <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> \u03b54 status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D may be a potential agent for dementia prevention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In a prospective cohort study, we assessed effects of Vitamin D on dementia incidence in 12,388 participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center dataset.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Vitamin D exposure was associated with 40% lower dementia incidence versus no exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Vitamin D effects were significantly greater in females versus males and in normal cognition versus mild cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Vitamin D effects were significantly greater in apolipoprotein E \u03b54 non\u2010carriers versus carriers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Vitamin D has potential for dementia prevention, especially in the high\u2010risk strata.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T07:01:03Z","timestamp":1677654063000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Vitamin D supplementation and incident dementia: Effects of sex, <i>APOE<\/i>, and baseline cognitive status"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Ghahremani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary 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