{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T15:14:03Z","timestamp":1793459643002,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp;amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp;amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>We explored the longitudinal relationship between retinal vascular features and dementia incidence over 10 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 584 participants from the Three\u2010City\u2010Alienor (3C\u2010Alienor) population\u2010based cohort, quantitative retinal vascular features (caliber, tortuosity, fractal dimension) were measured using semi\u2010automated software. Dementia was actively diagnosed over the follow\u2010up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred twenty\u2010eight participants (21.9%) developed dementia over a median of 7.1 years. In Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, apolipoprotein E (<jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>) \u03b54, and vascular factors, increased retinal arteriolar tortuosity was associated with all\u2010cause dementia (hazard ratio per standard deviation increase, 1.21; 95% confidence interval: 1.02\u20131.44). Wider retinal calibers and a higher venular tortuosity were associated with mixed\/vascular dementia, but not Alzheimer's disease. Fractal dimensions were not associated with dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Changes in the retinal microvasculature were associated with dementia risk. More studies are needed to replicate these findings and determine which features might help identify persons at risk at an early stage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>HIGHLIGHTS<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The retinal microvasculature might reflect the brain microvasculature<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We explored the association between retinal vascular features and incident dementia<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>584 participants from the Three\u2010City\u2010Alienor cohort were followed\u2010up over 10 years<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Increased arteriolar tortuosity and venular calibers were associated with dementia risk<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Retinal imaging might help identify persons at risk of future dementia<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T00:39:18Z","timestamp":1698021558000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Retinal microvasculature and incident dementia over 10 years: The Three\u2010City\u2010Alienor cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sara Cristina Lima","family":"Rebou\u00e7as","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux INSERM, BPH, U1219  Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Cougnard\u2010Gregoire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux INSERM, BPH, U1219  Bordeaux 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