{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T19:33:09Z","timestamp":1785526389135,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":70,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp;amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp;amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed whether midlife sensory and motor functions added to prediction models using the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia Score (CAIDE) and Framingham Risk Score (FRS) improve risk predictions of 10\u2010year changes in biomarkers of neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Longitudinal data of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01529 (mean age 49years) Beaver Dam Offspring Study participants from baseline, 5\u2010year, and 10\u2010year follow\u2010up were included. We tested whether including baseline sensory (hearing, vision, olfactory) impairment and motor function measures improves CAIDE or FRS risk predictions of 10\u2010year incidence of biomarker positivity of serum\u2010based neurofilament light chain (NfL) and amyloid beta (A\u03b2)<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\/A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> using logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adding sensory and motor measures to CAIDE\u2010only and FRS\u2010only models significantly improved NfL and A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\/A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> positivity predictions in adults above the age of 55.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Including midlife sensory and motor function improved long\u2010term biomarker positivity predictions. Non\u2010invasive sensory and motor assessments could contribute to cost\u2010effective screening tools that identify individuals at risk for neurodegeneration early to target interventions and preventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Sensory and motor measures improve risk prediction models of neurodegenerative biomarkers<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Sensory and motor measures improve risk prediction models of AD biomarkers<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Prediction improvements were strongest in late midlife (adults &gt;55 years of age)<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Sensory and motor assessments may help identify high\u2010risk individuals early<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T00:44:28Z","timestamp":1710204268000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Midlife sensory and motor functions improve prediction of blood\u2010based measures of neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease in late middle\u2010age"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Paulsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Alex","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla R.","family":"Schubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Chappell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Statistics School of Computer Data &amp; Information Sciences University of Wisconsin \u2010 Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne D.","family":"Engelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Ferrucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longitudinal Study Section, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH  Gaithersburg Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura M.","family":"Hancock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Institute Section of Neuropsychology Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sterling C.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology Department of Medicine School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1405-1218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natascha","family":"Merten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology Department of Medicine School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PrinceM WimoA GuerchetM AliG\u2010C WuY\u2010T PrinaM World Alzheimer Report 2015 The Global Impact of Dementia an analysis of prevalence incidence cost and trends 2015. 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