{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:27:25Z","timestamp":1790803645260,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":48,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Agent\u00fara na Podporu V\u00fdskumu a V\u00fdvoja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APVV\u201023\u20100554"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV\u201023\u20100554"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp;amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp;amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), affects language, especially lexical\u2010semantic processing. Discourse analysis using NLP methods can aid early detection, but research in inflectional languages like Slovak is limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Speech samples from 216 Slovak\u2010speaking participants (64 AD, 44 MCI, 108 HC) were collected using a picture description task and analyzed for lexical complexity using 15 NLP\u2010based measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several lexical complexity measures, including GTTR, UBER, SICHEL, MTLD, HDD and others, significantly differentiated AD or MCI from healthy controls. Some measures (UBER, YULEI, HONORE) also distinguished between AD and MCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lexical complexity metrics can serve as non\u2010invasive linguistic indicators of neurodegenerative diseases, demonstrating diagnostic relevance for early detection of AD and MCI in Slovak.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Lexical complexity metrics effectively differentiate between healthy controls, MCI, and AD in Slovak speakers.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Measures such as GTTR, UBER, and HONOR exhibit strong diagnostic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Education significantly influences linguistic deficits, with higher education correlating to reduced cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Findings underscore the importance of studying minority languages for advancing AD and MCI diagnostics.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.70122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T05:54:37Z","timestamp":1747720477000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Relationship between language features extracted through NLP and clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment in Slovak"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nataliia Casnochova","family":"Zozuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra  Nitra Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dasa","family":"Munkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra  Nitra Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livia","family":"Kelebercova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra  Nitra Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Munk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra  Nitra Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"The World Health Organization.Dementia.World Health Organization;2023. 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