{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:06:34Z","timestamp":1760403994803,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp;amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp;amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title><jats:p>A novel physio\u2010marker, termed \u201ccerebrovascular dynamics index\u201d (CDI), was developed and evaluated in a multi\u2010center National Institutes of Health (NIH)\u2013funded study for improved diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its transition to Alzheimer's disease (AD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The CDI quantifies the regulation dynamics of cerebral perfusion and oxygenation (which adjust autonomously blood flow and oxygen delivery over time) through predictive dynamic modeling using relevant time\u2010series data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional results demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance of CDI in differentiating 90 MCI\/AD patients from 77 controls (area under the curve (AUC) = \u00a00.96), which surpassed the commonly used biomarker of amyloid positron emission tomography\u2013standardized uptake value ratio (PET\u2010SUVR) (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.78) or cognitive screening tests of Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.91 and 0.92, respectively). The CDI can also be used for disease staging because it differentiated 56 MCI from 34 mild AD participants (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.98).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings offer the promise of a high\u2010performance diagnostic physio\u2010marker for MCI and AD, which can be obtained in a comfortable, rapid, and automated manner in clinical settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Novel physio\u2010marker (cerebrovascular dynamics index [CDI]) quantifies the regulation dynamics of cerebral perfusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The CDI was shown to improve mild cognitive impairment\/Alzheimer's disease (MCI\/AD) diagnosis (area under the curve [AUC] &gt;0.95) relative to existing markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The CDI is obtained non\u2010invasively, objectively, rapidly, and inexpensively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The CDI performance supports the key role of cerebrovascular dysfunction in AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The CDI is obtained via dynamic modeling of hemodynamic\/oxygenation time\u2010series data<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.70134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T11:00:34Z","timestamp":1752836434000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dysregulation of cerebral perfusion dynamics is associated with Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vasilis","family":"Marmarelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Enginering Department University of Southern California  Los Angeles California 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