{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T10:59:54Z","timestamp":1785581994639,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":58,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp;amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp;amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An inverse epidemiological association exists between Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases (AD\/PD) and certain cancers. Using a sex\u2010stratified approach, this global study clarifies shared and distinct mechanisms underlying the complex AD\/PD\u2013cancer relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from two World Health Organization (WHO) databases were analyzed for correlations between AD\/PD and 23 major cancers, stratified by sex, region, and etiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An inverse association was observed between AD\/PD and most, especially gastrointestinal (GI), cancers. Conversely, virus\u2010related cancers including human papilloma virus (HPV)\u2013driven cervical and hepatitis B virus (HBV)\/hepatitis C virus (HCV)\u2013related liver cancer (LC) were positively associated solely with PD, but not with AD.\u00a0Sex\u2010specific analyses revealed distinct patterns: oesophagus cancer (OC) was positively correlated with AD\/PD only in women. LC etiology showed opposing links to PD: HBV\/HCV\u2010related positive and alcohol\u2010related inverse. Further analysis indicated alcohol exhibited contrasting roles: positive with GI cancers but inverse with AD\/PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We provide novel epidemiological evidence on the complex interplay between neurodegeneration and cancers, suggesting shared biological pathways and modulators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.70350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T06:05:33Z","timestamp":1780121133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between Alzheimer's\/Parkinson's diseases and cancers: Modifying effects of alcohol consumption and viral infections revealed by an ecological study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine School of Public Health Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Diseases Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sha","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine School of Public Health Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shifang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology\u2010Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH ULi\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanyi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine School of Public Health Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolaoluwa Grace","family":"Oparinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine School of Public Health Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Diseases Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Linnebacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of General, Thoracic, Vascular and 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