{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T10:59:48Z","timestamp":1785581988231,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":53,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp;amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp;amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood biomarkers detect Alzheimer's disease (AD), but tissue correlates of early tau pathology and glial activation remain unclear. We investigated whether multimodal retinal measures capture a focal prodromal AD (pAD) pattern linked to plasma biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010eight individuals with pAD and 40 controls underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT\u2010angiography (OCT\u2010A), and electroretinography (ERG). Plasma p\u2010tau217, p\u2010tau181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) A\u03b242 and A\u03b240 were quantified, adjusting for age, sex, and vascular risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between\u2010group differences were restricted to parafoveal OCT\u2010A measures. Within the pAD group, higher p\u2010tau217\/A\u03b242 and GFAP showed consistent associations with foveal measures: increased ganglion cell\u2010inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness, capillary density, altered foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and reduced photopic negative\u2010response amplitude. These associations were absent in controls. Mediation analyses indicated that foveal GCIPL thickness largely accounted for blood biomarker\u2013microvascular\/ERG associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>pAD exhibits a spatially consistent, fovea\u2010centered neurovascular and functional signature\u2010tracking plasma tau phosphorylation and glial activation, supporting the fovea as a sensitive region in early disease\u2010related processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.70369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T03:28:40Z","timestamp":1779679720000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A fovea\u2010centered retinal signature linked to plasma biomarkers in prodromal Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Teijeira\u2010Portas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases Group Biobizkaia Health Research Institute  Barakaldo, Bizkaia Spain"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Faculty of Medicine and Nursing University of the Basque Country (EHU)  Leioa Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ane","family":"Murueta\u2010Goyena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases Group Biobizkaia Health Research Institute  Barakaldo, Bizkaia Spain"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Faculty of Medicine and Nursing University of the Basque Country (EHU)  Leioa Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aitor","family":"Zamora\u2010Otaola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases Group Biobizkaia Health Research Institute  Barakaldo, Bizkaia Spain"},{"name":"Department 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