{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T17:50:49Z","timestamp":1791395449777,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG080806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG080806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41 EB027061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41 EB027061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA77598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA77598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1TR004405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1TR004405"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alz &amp;amp; Dem Diag Ass &amp;amp; Dis Mo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u00a0Apolipoprotein E (\n                      <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      )\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b54<\/jats:italic>\n                      's effect on Alzheimer's disease (AD) depends on ancestry and environmental risk factors. The\n                      <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b54<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2013AD link in American Indian (AI) populations appears attenuated, with current understanding largely informed by a single research study. This study seeks to extend this evidence in an AI population in Minnesota.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cross\u2010sectional analysis of\n                      <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b54<\/jats:italic>\n                      , medical comorbidities, and AD plasma biomarkers with 182 tribal elders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Median age was 67; 70% were female; median Mini\u2010Mental State Examination score was 29. Age\u2010, sex\u2010, and chronic kidney disease\u2010adjusted log odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for\u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b54<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0carrier status on amyloid beta 42\/40, tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (p\u2010tau217), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were 0.86 (0.80 to 0.94), 1.04 (0.87 to 1.25), and 1.00 (0.86 to 1.16).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared to non\u2010Hispanic White populations,\n                      <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b54<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      has an attenuated effect on p\u2010tau217 or GFAP in AI tribal elders. Limitations of this study include survival bias and race\u2010associated differences in social determinants of health that can influence the observed results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.70421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T09:11:16Z","timestamp":1783933876000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>APOE \u03b54<\/i>\n                    and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in an American Indian community"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Matti J.","family":"Matheson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rene","family":"Labounek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam D.","family":"Block","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Corey","family":"Strong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bois Forte Band of Chippewa, Health Services  Nett Lake Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Minnesota Department of Health State of Minnesota  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann J.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan","family":"Kremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley J.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Health Data Science School of Public Health University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamarie","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Community Outreach, Strategy, External Relations University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Breton M.","family":"Asken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"1Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Nestrasil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Lenglet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danni","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Neil","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health University of Minnesota Duluth  Duluth Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"Mantyh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.01.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"23andMe.Is Alzheimer's Genetic? Accessed June 27 2024.https:\/\/www.23andme.com\/topics\/health\u2010predispositions\/late\u2010onset\u2010alzheimers\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12751"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000200546"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2023.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12748"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265\u2010024\u201002067\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.3599"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550160069041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.1c00295"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2025.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13849"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304\u20103940(02)00150\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHNEUR.1996.00550100071017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12573"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wn9.0000000000000059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13664"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70138"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2016.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11258"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","volume-title":"MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Clinical Research (MacCAT\u2010CR)","author":"Appelbaum P","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u20105415.1997.tb05170.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A legal history of blood quantum in federal Indian law to 1935","volume":"51","author":"Spruhan P","year":"2006","journal-title":"S D Law Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/549521"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2102953"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","unstructured":"NCRAD.Biospecimen Collection Processing and Shipment Manual.2021.https:\/\/ncrad.iu.edu\/docs\/resource\/bbbsr\/BBBSRMOP3.15.21_20210408160602_871765.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.5319"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022\u20102275(20)43176\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaf016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010022\u201001822\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195\u2010024\u201001642\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2023.106175"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD\u2010210673"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000213500"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13318"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac128"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195\u2010024\u201001477\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011599"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.4249"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.3180"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195\u2010024\u201001513\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awae368"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/nxg.0000000000000571"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007791"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.70072"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593\u2010025\u201002103\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010026\u201004272\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523\u20101755.2005.00365.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JALZ.2018.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617702813157"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065\u2010005\u20109180\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u20105415.1992.tb01992.x"}],"container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment &amp; Disease Monitoring"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dad2.70421","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/dad2.70421","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dad2.70421","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:55:52Z","timestamp":1791392152000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dad2.70421"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dad2.70421"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dad2.70421","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-8729","2352-8729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-8729","type":"print"},{"value":"2352-8729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70421"}}