{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:03:15Z","timestamp":1770822195995,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,6]],"date-time":"2011-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1294272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Salivary gland disease is an important manifestation of HIV\u2010infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytologic findings of salivary gland fine needle aspiration (FNA) in South African human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2010infected patients. A retrospective review was performed on confirmed HIV\u2010positive patients who underwent FNA of various body sites, including salivary glands, over a 5\u2010year period. There were 495 (14.1%) salivary gland FNAs out of a total of 3,501 HIV\u2010positive patients. This included 260 (52.5%) parotid, 226 (45.7%) submandibular, 2 (0.4%) sublingual, and 7 (1.4%) specimens labeled as a salivary gland aspirate, exact site not provided. Patients were of average age 34 years (range 9 months to 63 years) with a female: male ratio of 1:0.6. There were 37 (7.5%) inadequate FNAs and 22 (4.4%) that contained normal gland constituents only. Most diagnoses were benign and comprised 168 (33.9%) reactive lymphadenopathy, 115 (23.2%) benign lymphoepithelial cysts, 62 (12.5%) mycobacterial infections, and 52 (10.5%) abscesses, of which 10 had associated mycobacterial infections. Neoplasms accounted for 31 (6.7%) diagnoses including 11 pleomorphic adenomas, 13 lymphoma, 3 Kaposi sarcoma, 1 squamous cell carcinoma, 1 metastatic carcinoma, and 1 rhabdomyosarcoma. There were four epidermoid inclusion cysts, three non\u2010specific sialadenitis, one mucocele, and one spindle cell lesion not able to be further characterized. FNA is a useful procedure to evaluate salivary gland lesions in an HIV\u2010infected population, allowing prompt management to be undertaken and obviating the need for surgery in many instances, an important consideration in an underfunded public health care system. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,6]],"date-time":"2011-01-06T22:16:33Z","timestamp":1294352193000},"page":"684-690","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Fine needle aspiration of salivary gland masses in HIV\u2010infected patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Pam","family":"Michelow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce J.","family":"Dezube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liron","family":"Pantanowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"E155","article-title":"Head and neck lesions in the immunocompromised host","volume":"14","author":"Marsot\u2010Dupuch K","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000096717"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","volume-title":"Cytology: Diagnostic principles and clinical correlates","author":"Krane JF","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2009.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0339(199910)21:4<260::AID-DC6>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000075637"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"124","article-title":"Diagnostic challenges in aspiration cytology of the salivary glands","volume":"18","author":"Schindler S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2303.1995.tb00574.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20769"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","unstructured":"South African Department of Health. 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