{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T04:10:00Z","timestamp":1768277400236,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,17]],"date-time":"2011-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1300320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of immunocytochemical staining for the detection of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> complex\u2010specific antigen MPT64, in tuberculous lymph node aspirates, cerebrospinal fluid, and effusions from pleura and abdomen. One hundred ninety patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis (cases) and 80 patients with nontuberculous lesions (controls) were enrolled and differentiated on the basis of clinical features, histology, cytology, clinical biochemistry, Ziehl\u2010Neelsen staining, Lowenstein\u2010Jensen culture, and response to antituberculous therapy. Cervical lymph nodes fine\u2010needle aspirate (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 150), cerebrospinal fluid (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 27), pleural fluid (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 41), and peritoneal fluid (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 52) were collected and stained with anti\u2010MPT64 and anti\u2010BCG antibodies using immunocytochemistry. Nested\u2010PCR for IS6110 was done for comparison and to calculate the diagnostic indices of the ICC staining. ICC staining with anti\u2010MPT64 was positive in 128\/190 (67.4%) tuberculous smears and in 4\/80 (5%) control smears thus giving sensitivity of 67.4% and the specificity of 95%, while anti\u2010BCG was positive in 112 (58.9%) tuberculous smears and in 16\/80 (20%) control smears with sensitivity of 58.9% and specificity of 80%. When diagnostic validation of ICC was done using PCR as the gold standard, the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive\u2010 and negative\u2010predictive values for ICC staining in smears with anti\u2010MPT64 was 96, 96, 95, and 97%, respectively, while the corresponding values for anti\u2010BCG were 87, 88, 86, and 88%. ICC staining using anti\u2010MPT64 represents a robust and simple method for establishing an early etiological diagnosis of <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> complex infection in extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Diagn. 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