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The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of EBUS\u2010TBNA with on\u2010site assessment and triage of sample for multiple ancillary techniques, for the diagnosis and subclassification of lymphomas and non\u2010neoplastic lesions involving mediastinal lymph nodes. Methods: One hundred and twenty consecutive patients who underwent EBUS\u2010TBNA between January 2008 and August 2009 were reviewed. The final cytological diagnosis was based on air\u2010dried Romanowsky and alcohol\u2010fixed Papanicolaou stained direct smears, immunohistochemistry, immunophenotyping, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results: A total of 38 cases were included in this study consisting of eight reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, 20 granulomatous lymphadenitis (17 non\u2010necrotizing and 3 necrotizing granulomatous inflammations), 3 Hodgkin lymphomas and 7 non\u2010Hodgkin lymphomas (1 small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), 1 SLL with scattered Reed\u2010Sternberg cells, 1 marginal zone lymphoma, and 4 large B cell lymphomas). Cultures performed in 13 cases were negative for AFB and fungi. Immunophenotyping and immunohistochemistry for MIB1 in six cases, and FISH in five cases provided necessary information for subclassification. Conclusions: EBUS\u2010TBNA is a minimally invasive procedure which provides sufficient sample for definitive primary diagnosis and classification of malignant lymphoma and granulomatous inflammation in patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Rapid on\u2010site specimen assessment is invaluable for appropriate assignment of sample to ancillary studies. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013;41:1023\u20131030. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]],"date-time":"2011-05-31T14:16:02Z","timestamp":1306851362000},"page":"1023-1030","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Diagnosis and subclassification of lymphomas and non\u2010neoplastic lesions involving mediastinal lymph nodes using endobronchial ultrasound\u2010guided transbronchial needle aspiration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Hyang Mi","family":"Ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilda","family":"da Cunha Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine Program University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gail","family":"Darling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Pierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Yasufuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott L.","family":"Boerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine Program University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R.","family":"Geddie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine Program University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1362"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.109868"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2005.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.3.710"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181753b5e"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2009.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00028706"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.20098"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0b013e3181827da8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11787"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20487"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.20040"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20373"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","first-page":"180","article-title":"Fine needle aspiration cytology of non\u2010Hodgkin's lymphomas. 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