{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]],"date-time":"2025-05-25T19:22:42Z","timestamp":1748200962455},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]],"date-time":"2014-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) can assume various cytomorphological and architectural forms, mimicking other thyroid and extra\u2010thyroid tumors and rendering the cytological and histological diagnosis challenging. Consequently, measurement of calcitonin (CT) levels is generally considered to be more accurate than cytology in diagnosing MTC. Here, we report on a patient with a multinodular goiter and significantly elevated basal CT levels; based on cytology examination and CT immunocytostains, neither MTC nor C\u2010cell hyperplasia was detected upon final histopathological examination. CT testing has a high false\u2010positive rate and low positive predictive value for detecting clinically relevant MTC. Judicious integration of cytological examination with immunocytochemical stains (when needed) may be useful for selecting the most appropriate therapy and avoiding overtreatment (i.e., central neck lymph node dissection in the present case). This case demonstrates that cytological examination with ancillary techniques is still valuable in patients with thyroid nodules and suspicious MTC. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42:970\u2013973. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.23102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]],"date-time":"2014-02-18T13:41:37Z","timestamp":1392730897000},"page":"970-973","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hypercalcitoninemia and thyroid nodules"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Luca","family":"Giovanella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland CH\u20106500 Bellinzona Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gioacchino","family":"Giugliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery European Institute of Oncology I\u201020100 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fausto A.","family":"Maffini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology European Institute of Oncology I\u201020100 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fausto","family":"Chiesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery European Institute of Oncology I\u201020100 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Bongiovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology CH\u20106600 Locarno Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0403"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02158"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.78.1.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2403"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Medullary carcinoma","volume":"2","author":"Albores\u2010Saavedra J","year":"1985","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02739911"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198508000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2303.1990.tb00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","first-page":"156","article-title":"Cytopathologic features of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid","volume":"108","author":"Kini SR","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","first-page":"911","article-title":"Medullary thyroidcarcinoma, small cell variant, as a diagnostic challenge on fine needleaspiration: A case report","volume":"54","author":"Yerly S","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/10024.GL"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21405"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","first-page":"405","article-title":"Cytological classification of thyroid nodules. 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