{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T11:17:22Z","timestamp":1696677442102},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,28]],"date-time":"2014-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>ProEx C is an antibody cocktail targeting the expression of topoisomerase II\u03b1 and minichromosome maintenance protein\u20102. Both these proteins are over\u2010expressed in the cell nucleus during aberrant S\u2010phase induction of neoplastic cells, which leads to cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine whether ProEx C expression can detect primary and metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty one fine needle aspiration cell blocks (CB) with metastatic UC were identified. Immunohistochemical staining for ProEx C and thrombomodulin was performed. Additionally, staining for Pro Ex C was also performed in tissue microarrays (TMA) of 46 cases of primary UC and carcinomas from colon (80), stomach (31), pancreas (33), liver (92), ovary (24), endometrium (25), breast (60), lung (27), kidney (32), and prostate (44), as well as melanoma (22). Nuclear staining of ProEx C and membrane staining of thrombomodulin in at least 10% tumor cells was considered a positive result.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both ProEx C and thrombomodulin have similar sensitivity for metastatic UC (84% vs. 77%, p=0.75; whereas ProEx C yielded a higher sensitivity of 93% for primary UC than thrombomodulin (72%, p=0.01). In addition to UC, ProEx C is also expressed in most of the malignant neoplasms tested in our TMA study, and has the highest sensitivity in colon and stomach carcinomas (94%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ProEx C has high sensitivity for UC. However, it is also expressed in carcinomas of colon, stomach, breast, and lung carcinomas and may not be a useful marker for workup of metastatic UC. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:181\u2013187. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.23193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,28]],"date-time":"2014-06-28T04:41:37Z","timestamp":1403930497000},"page":"181-187","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Expression of ProEx C in primary and metastatic urothelial carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Lian","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Momin T.","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.70.1.369"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114.8.1447","article-title":"Initiating DNA synthesis: from recruiting to activating the MCM complex","volume":"114","author":"Lei M","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"2121","article-title":"Minichromosome maintenance proteins as biological markers of dysplasia and malignancy","volume":"5","author":"Freeman A","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568009054629654"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/05384SU03"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.7.2.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPWW6V2KGXODUI"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.5858\/2008-132-1648-PCIAHH","article-title":"ProEx C immunocytochemistry and high\u2010risk human papillomavirus DNA testing in papanicolaou tests with atypical squamous cell (ASC\u2010US) cytology: correlation study with histologic biopsy","volume":"132","author":"Siddiqui MT","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22288"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2013.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21264"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11289"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.2840090306"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.2840130105"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21333"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"995","article-title":"Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions (Melamed\u2010Wolinska bodies)","volume":"41","author":"Renshaw AA","year":"1997","journal-title":"Association with metastatic transitional cell carcinoma in pleural fluid. 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