{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T13:48:46Z","timestamp":1760708926096},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]],"date-time":"2015-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV\/AIDS is a major health burden worldwide. India bears the third highest HIV\u2010patients load globally. In the Darjeeling district, HIV\u2010prevalence is &gt;1% with very little known about the profile of HIV\u2010lymphadenopathy. The aim of this study was to identify the different causes of peripheral lymphadenopathy among HIV\u2013infected patients in this region, correlate them with CD4+ T\u2010cell counts and formulate some common clinico\u2010haematological parameters as potential predictors of CD4+ T\u2010cell count.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, 76 cases were evaluated. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) was performed as an out\u2010patient procedure in the Department of Pathology. Smears were stained routinely with Haematoxylin\u2010Eosin and Leishman stains. ZN stains were done when indicated by the cytological findings. Immediate CD4+ T\u2010cell count was obtained by referring the patients to the Anti\u2010retroviral therapy centre.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cytological diagnoses included tuberculosis (82.9%), reactive hyperplasia (6.6%), nonspecific granulomatous lesions (3.9%), non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (2.6%), histoplasmosis (2.6%) and simultaneous filariasis with toxoplasmosis (1.3%). Statistically, the opportunistic infections and lymphomas significantly concurred with a CD4+ T\u2010cell count &lt;350\/\u03bcl. Likewise, the number of enlarged lymph nodes and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) were found to be useful predictors of CD4+ T\u2010cell counts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lymph node cytology in HIV\u2010infected patients is essential to identify opportunistic infections from neoplastic lesions and; to enable therapeutic strategies. Correlation of lesions with mean CD4+ T\u2010cell count predicts personal immunity, stage of disease and disease activity. Furthermore, enlarged lymph node numbers and ALC can be surrogate markers of CD4+ T\u2010cell count for monitoring the severity of the immune suppression in under\u2010resourced countries like India. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:971\u2013977. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.23379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T08:20:16Z","timestamp":1444724416000},"page":"971-977","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A clinicopathological study of peripheral lymph nodes in HIV\u2010infected patients with special reference to CD4+ T\u2010cell counts: Experience from a tertiary care institution in <scp>D<\/scp>arjeeling (<scp>I<\/scp>ndia)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Rupali","family":"Mandal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology North Bengal Medical College &amp; Hospital  India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krishnendu","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology North Bengal Medical College &amp; Hospital  India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saikat","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine North Bengal Medical College &amp; Hospital  India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Indranil","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology North Bengal Medical College &amp; Hospital  India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amita","family":"Giri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology North Bengal Medical College &amp; Hospital  India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bidyut Krishna","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology North Bengal Medical College &amp; Hospital  India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.96.6.980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"CDC's certified [Internet]. 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