{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T02:04:10Z","timestamp":1769220250941,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Development of computerized image analysis techniques has opened up the possibility for the quantitative analysis of nuclear chromatin in pathology. We hypothesized that the features extracted from digital images could be used to determine specific cytomorphological findings for nuclear chromatin that may be applicable for establishing a medical diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three parameters were evaluated from nuclear chromatin images obtained from the liquid\u2010based cervical cytology samples of patients with biopsy\u2010proven high\u2010grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HGSIL), and compared between non\u2010neoplastic squamous epithelia and dysplastic epithelia groups: (1) standard deviation (SD) of the grayscale intensity; (2) difference between the maximum and minimum grayscale intensity (M\u2010M); and (3) thresholded area percentage. Each parameter was evaluated at the mean, mean\u20101SD, and mean\u20102SD thresholding intensity levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between the mean and mean\u20101SD levels, the thresholded nuclear chromatin pattern was most similar to the chromatin granularity of the unthresholded grayscale images. The SD of the gray intensity and the thresholded area percentage differed significantly between the non\u2010neoplastic squamous epithelia and dysplastic epithelia of HGSIL images at all three thresholding intensity levels (mean, mean\u20101SD, and mean\u20102SD). However, the M\u2010M significantly differed between the two sample types for only two of the thresholding intensity levels (mean\u20101SD and mean\u20102SD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The digital parameters SD and M\u2010M of the grayscale intensity, along with the thresholded area percentage could be useful in automated cytological evaluations. Further studies are needed to identify more valuable parameters for clinical application.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.23906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T20:29:46Z","timestamp":1519244986000},"page":"384-389","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of nuclear chromatin using grayscale intensity and thresholded percentage area in liquid\u2010based cervical cytology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Hyekyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Medical Center of Eulji University Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myungein","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio\u2010medical Engineering University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taejo","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Medical Center of Eulji University Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chanho","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electric Engineering Hanbat National University Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun\u2010Jin","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Medical Center of Eulji University Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0128-6181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Migyung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Tongmyong University Tongmyong South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2016.06.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Digitized pathology: theory and experiences in automated tissue\u2010based virtual diagnosis","volume":"47","author":"Kayser K","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-1596-3-S1-S11"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RBME.2013.2295804"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"227","article-title":"Chromatin texture measurement by Markovian analysis. Use of nuclear models to define and select texture features","volume":"15","author":"Dawson AE","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anal Quant Cytol Histol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990070513"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1159\/000330672","article-title":"Quantitative image analysis of nuclear chromatin distribution for cytological diagnosis","volume":"55","author":"Jingu R","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Cytol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.10162"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20853","article-title":"Detection and classification of thyroid follicular lesions based on nuclear structure from histopathology images","volume":"77","author":"Wang W","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cytom A"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","article-title":"Screening for cervical cancer using automated analysis of PAP\u2010smears","author":"Bengtsson E","journal-title":"Comput Math Methods Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10182"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800541"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"3365","article-title":"Texture image analysis in differentiating malignant from benign adrenal cortical tumors in children and adults","volume":"29","author":"Shirata NK","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0045(19990915)41:1<12::AID-PROS3>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4132\/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.3.265"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/ark016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","first-page":"1681","volume-title":"Koss' Diagnostic Cytology","author":"Koss LG","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","unstructured":"SmithGN.Image texture analysis using zero crossings information. PhD thesis School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering The University of Queensland Australia;1998:27\u00a0p."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2011.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","first-page":"1083","article-title":"A variational level set approach to segmentation and bias correction of images with intensity inhomogeneity","volume":"11","author":"Li C","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Image Comput Assist Interv."}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdc.23906","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.23906","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T07:09:10Z","timestamp":1695539350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dc.23906"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dc.23906"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.23906","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1039","1097-0339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1039","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]]}}}