{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T18:28:16Z","timestamp":1767896896543,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The classification of epithelioid pancreatic neoplasms based on fine\u2010needle aspiration (FNA) is important for proper management, as distinction of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms from other similar appearing lesions can result in significantly different treatment. Mixed acinar\u2010endocrine carcinomas (MAEC) are genetically related to acinar carcinomas and are treated as such. We reviewed cases of MAEC to better characterize their cytologic and immunohistochemical features.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight FNAs of MAECs were identified and reviewed. A chart review for each case was conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients were male, 42\u201068\u2009years of age, and presented with either Stage 3 or 4 disease. Smear backgrounds of all cases showed naked nuclei without significant necrosis. The smears were cellular with cells arranged in either three\u2010dimensional (3D) clusters with intervening capillaries or singly dispersed. Acinar formation was a prominent feature. Cells were round to oval with small to moderate amounts of delicate cytoplasm. The nuclei were round to oval with mild to moderate anisonucleosis with granular chromatin and small nucleoli. Apoptotic bodies and mitoses were noted in most cases, with Ki67 indices of 10%\u201048%. All tumors, by definition, demonstrated expression of trypsin and synaptophysin with variable chromogranin expression (50%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cytology of acinar cell carcinoma shares features with aspirates of other nonductal adenocarcinoma neoplasms of the pancreas. A clue to the diagnosis is that tumors show high Ki67 indices and a diagnosis of MAEC should be excluded anytime a diagnosis of Grade 2 or 3 well\u2010differentiated neuroendocrine tumor or high\u2010grade neuroendocrine carcinoma is in the differential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T12:44:56Z","timestamp":1604148296000},"page":"287-294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The cytologic and immunohistochemical findings of pancreatic mixed <scp>acinar\u2010endocrine<\/scp> carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9591-2058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Whitehair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Virginia  Charlottesville Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0119-7813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward B.","family":"Stelow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Virginia  Charlottesville Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19821115)50:10<2099::AID-CNCR2820501021>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55418\/9781933477022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-016-9432-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Neoplasms of the Neuroendocrine Pancreas: WHO Classification of Tumours of the Endocrine Organs","author":"Kl\u00f6ppel G","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"WHO Classifications of Tumors of the Digestive System","author":"Bosamn F","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-007-0114-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181cfcac7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2017.0131"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1159\/000354992","article-title":"Pancreatic cancer: current options for diagnosis, staging and therapeutic management","volume":"1","author":"Hartwig W","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastrointest Tumors"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2017.6786"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.5858\/133.3.350","article-title":"Endocrine neoplasms of the pancreas: pathologic and genetic features","volume":"133","author":"Capelli P","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199408000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-004-1037-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/705092"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21799","article-title":"Metastatic mixed acinar\u2010neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas to the liver: a cytopathology case report with review of the literature","volume":"41","author":"Lee L","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1626-2-6481"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.23981"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/133.3.388"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1159\/000343683","article-title":"Hints to the diagnosis of mixed Acinar\u2010endocrine carcinoma on pancreatic fine\u2010needle aspiration: avoiding a potential diagnostic pitfall","volume":"57","author":"Sullivan P","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"66","article-title":"Solid\u2010pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: a typically cystic carcinoma of low malignant potential","volume":"17","author":"Kilimstra D","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20128"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.22187"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3109\/01913129309041300","article-title":"Malignant mixed exocrine\u2010endocrine tumor of the pancreas with unusual Intracytoplasmic inclusions","volume":"17","author":"Hassan M","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ultrastruct Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/00129039-200009000-00006","article-title":"Immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of Acinar and endocrine pancreatic neoplasms","volume":"8","author":"Skacel M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000445867"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20450"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5732\/cjc.012.10295"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.24641","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/dc.24641","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.24641","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T16:19:01Z","timestamp":1693757941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dc.24641"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dc.24641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.24641","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1039","1097-0339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1039","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}