{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:22:44Z","timestamp":1785554564403,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present a rare case of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) in a 75\u2009year old, HIV\u2010negative male patient with multiple comorbidities. Imaging studies revealed a massive right pleural effusion and a significant lung collapse with multiple plural soft tissue nodules. Immediate thoracentesis was performed. Cytologic evaluation of the pleural fluid showed abnormally large cell with increased nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, irregular nuclear contours and prominent nucleoli, with phenotypic expression of HHV\u20108, CD138, CD30, and MUM1 markers and negative staining for epithelial and mesothelial markers. PEL is a rare and aggressive large B\u2010cell lymphoma often affecting immunocompromised adults and is mostly associated with human herpes virus 8\/Kaposi sarcoma\u2010associated herpes virus (HHV\u20108\/KSHV). However, cases in immunocompetent elderly patients have been reported. The cytomorphologic features of PEL overlaps with those of aggressive lymphomas such as diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, and anaplastic large\u2010cell lymphoma. Also, mesothelioma, metastatic carcinoma or melanoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Hence, PEL should be kept in mind in the diagnostic algorithm of cytological evaluation of serosal fluid not only in HIV positive patients but also HIV\u2010negative elderly patients. In this report, we aim to highlight the cytologic and immunohistochemical staining pattern of this rare entity to increase awareness of this entity among cytopathologists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T04:51:50Z","timestamp":1618548710000},"page":"785-789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A rare case of primary effusion lymphoma in <scp>HIV<\/scp> negative patient: Diagnostic challenges and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9427-0225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preeti","family":"Malik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center\/Albert Einstein College of Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer N.","family":"Khader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cytopathology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Asiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center\/Albert Einstein College of Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-019-2221-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.12.3835"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2012.694075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2013.1.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"323","volume-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","author":"Swerdlow SH","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2372"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24371"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000441938"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22691"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.3.744"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199505043321801"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000384"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000446315"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.24752","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/dc.24752","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.24752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T05:27:42Z","timestamp":1693546062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dc.24752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dc.24752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.24752","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1039","1097-0339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1039","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}