{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:24:18Z","timestamp":1792725858837,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]],"date-time":"2021-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003243","name":"Ministerstvo Zdravotnictv\u00ed Cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AZV17\u201031777A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AZV17\u201031777A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anal cancer (AC) screening is justified in high\u2010risk populations, particularly HIV\u2010positive men having sex with men (MSM). HR\u2010HPV testing could improve the efficiency of cytologically based screening of AC, as in the screening of biologically analogical cervical cancer. The specificity of HR\u2010HPV testing is influenced by the prevalence of HR\u2010HPV infection in the screened population. Reported anal HR\u2010HPV DNA prevalence in MSM is high, but HR\u2010HPV mRNA reflects rather long\u2010term infections and is more specific for high\u2010grade lesions. However, no data were published about HR\u2010HPV DNA and mRNA prevalence in the Czech AC screening population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results of liquid\u2010based anal cytology of 203 predominantly HIV\u2010positive MSM from the Czech AC screening cohort were correlated with results of DNA and E6\/E7 mRNA testing of 14 HR\u2010HPV types, and HPV16 genotyping. Eighty\u2010one MSM underwent a standard anoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 109 (53.7%) samples had abnormal cytology, with 12 (5.9%) ASC\u2010H\/HSIL, 67 (33.0%) samples cytologically negative, and 27 (13.3%) unsatisfactory. HR\u2010HPV DNA was detected in 134 (66.0%) and HR\u2010HPV RNA in 72 (35.5%) anal smears. HR\u2010HPV mRNA and HPV16 mRNA positivity were associated with abnormal cytology (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.0037, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.0021). No significant association was found between HR\u2010HPV DNA or HPV16 DNA positivity and abnormal cytology. No high\u2010grade lesions were revealed by anoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevalence of anal HR\u2010HPV DNA among Czech MSM is high, however, the prevalence of HR\u2010HPV mRNA is half and associated with abnormal cytology. Our results indicate an increased efficiency of cytological screening when combined with HR\u2010HPV mRNA testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]],"date-time":"2021-09-16T18:06:43Z","timestamp":1631815603000},"page":"1188-1195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence of high\u2010risk human papillomavirus <scp>DNA<\/scp> and <scp>mRNA<\/scp> and its association with abnormal anal cytology in the Czech male anal cancer screening cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2855-653X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Nemcova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Center of the Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen Charles University  Pilsen Czech Republic"},{"name":"Sikl's Department of Pathology University Hospital in Pilsen  Pilsen Czech Republic"},{"name":"Biopticka Laborator s.r.o.  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