{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T15:15:48Z","timestamp":1747754148555,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metastatic urothelial carcinoma is a rare cause of pleural effusions. We report a case of urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract in an oldest\u2010old male patient, a smoker, with situs inversus totalis, that presented uniquely with malignant pleural effusion at presentation without evidence of a primary tumor on imaging. Cytological smears of the massive left pleural effusion revealed epithelioid neoplastic cells arranged in short cords, small\u2010to\u2010large clusters, and raspberry\u2010like morules, mimicking mesothelioma; cell block preparations highlighted the presence of tubules and nest\u2010like structures. The tumor cells showed a high nuclear\u2010to\u2010cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear grooves, and mitotic figures. Cytomorphologic features coupled with the immunophenotype of neoplastic cells (p63, GATA3, and uroplakin II positive) allowed the diagnosis of metastatic urothelial carcinoma and a possible nested subtype. These findings were supported by a total body computed tomography (CT) showing no evidence of a mass in the bladder or elsewhere in the urinary tract but a concentric parietal thickening of the proximal left ureter, suggesting malignancy. To our knowledge, a malignant effusion as a primary manifestation of urothelial carcinoma with nest\u2010like features originating in the upper urinary tract has never been described previously. Our case focuses on the value of cell block in the working\u2010up of neoplastic effusions by revealing the architectural pattern of an uncommon malignancy and the correlation between cytopathology and imaging gross findings to reach an accurate diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.25293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]],"date-time":"2024-02-24T02:34:41Z","timestamp":1708742081000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma with nest\u2010like features presenting as malignant pleural effusion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6335-5920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Arienzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Unit, Department of Radiological, Oncological, and Pathological Sciences Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Valenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Radiology Unit, Department of Radiological, Oncological, and Pathological Sciences Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5212-0678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Radiology Unit, Department of Radiological, Oncological, and Pathological Sciences Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7530-4832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Ascoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Unit, Department of Radiological, Oncological, and Pathological Sciences Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.215902"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2018.01.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.04.009"},{"volume-title":"Urinary and Male Genital Tumours. 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