{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T12:35:00Z","timestamp":1787661300397,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary breast large\u2010cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC)\/squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), also referred to as mixed neuroendocrine\/non\u2010neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast (Br\u2010MiNENs), represents an exceedingly rare malignancy. We report the first case of primary breast LCNEC\/SCC diagnosed via ultrasound\u2010guided fine\u2010needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the left supraclavicular and left internal mammary lymph nodes. The patient, a 40\u2010year\u2010old female, underwent a lumpectomy followed by breast\u2010conserving surgery and was diagnosed with primary breast LCNEC. Notably, within merely four months following the breast\u2010conserving surgery, PET\u2010CT revealed lymph node enlargement, prompting the performance of FNA. FNA cytology of metastatic lymph nodes revealed two distinct tumor components, allowing for clear differentiation between LCNEC and SCC in the smear. The diagnosis was further corroborated by immunocytochemical (ICC) staining of the cell blocks. Subsequently, histopathological re\u2010examination of the breast mass revealed occult SCC components comprising less than 1% of the tumor cells. Additionally, the case exhibited triple\u2010negative breast cancer, with <jats:italic>PIK3CA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TP53<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>RB1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>BCL2L11<\/jats:italic> mutations identified through next\u2010generation sequencing (NGS). Br\u2010MiNEN is exceedingly rare, and its cytological diagnosis poses significant challenges. It is recommended that a detailed and objective description of each tumor component and its proportion be provided. This report provides the first detailed description of the FNA cytology of LCNEC\/SCC, thereby enhancing cytopathologists' comprehension of this tumor. Auxiliary studies, including ICC staining and molecular biology assays, are crucial for accurate diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.25427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T12:10:27Z","timestamp":1733400627000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fine Needle Aspiration Cytological Diagnosis of Primary Breast Large\u2010Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma\/Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changwei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Xi'an Honghui Hospital  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongjuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0269-400X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 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