{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T10:21:57Z","timestamp":1760782917325},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]],"date-time":"2006-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5671,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A case review of 225 patients with abnormal breast nipple secretions (NS) was done to determine diagnostically useful clinical and cytologic features. The cytologic specimens and medical records from all patients and 45 concurrent breast biopsies were reviewed. Nipple discharge was attributed to fibrocystic disease (FCD) in 81 cases, physiologic disturbances in 62, papillomas in 18, ductal carcinoma (CAI in 5, miscellaneous benign disorders in 14, and unknown causes in 45. Although cytologic examination of NS was very specific in identifying malignancy, the sensitivity of cytology was low. Carcinoma was diagnosed or suspected cytologically in only three of the five CA cases, with no false\u2010positive cytopathologic interpretations. Malignant NS were usually unilateral, hemorrhagic, mass\u2010associated, and in older patients. Males with nipple discharge had a significantly higher incidence of breast cancer (two of nine; 22%) than women with abnormal NS (3 of 216; 1.5%). Papilloma NS were generally unilateral and hemorrhagic; FCD and physiologic NS were mostly serous or milky. Benign NS were not cytologically distinguishable. We conclude that cytologic examination of NS is a specific but insensitive method to identify underlying malignancy. Additional clinical features, including patient age, laterality and character of NS, and radiographic findings, were found to be diagnostically useful.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.2840070107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,22]],"date-time":"2007-02-22T01:45:01Z","timestamp":1172108701000},"page":"17-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Cytologic and clinicopathologic features of abnormal nipple secretions: 225 cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Terri L.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudha R.","family":"Kini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(85)80187-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"6","article-title":"Nipple discharge: significance and treatment","volume":"11","author":"Leis HP","year":"1985","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198203000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"928","article-title":"Nipple discharge. Frequency and pathogenesis in an ambulatory population","volume":"83","author":"Newman HF","year":"1983","journal-title":"NY State J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"513","article-title":"On the significance of nipple discharge in the diagnosis of breast disease","volume":"142","author":"Rimsten A","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"130","article-title":"Non\u2010lactational nipple discharge","volume":"28","author":"Urban JA","year":"1978","journal-title":"CA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"Significance of nipple discharge clinical patterns in the selection of cases for cytologic examination","volume":"30","author":"Ciatto S","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030089167906500306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"55542","article-title":"Early detection of ductal breast cancer: the diagnostic procedure for pathological discharge from the nipple","volume":"65","author":"Kindermann G","year":"1979","journal-title":"Tumori"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"519","article-title":"The significance of ageinpatients with nippledischarge","volume":"131","author":"Seltzer MH","year":"1970","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"101","article-title":"Nipple discharge","volume":"22","author":"Tetirick JE","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"214","article-title":"Cytologic diagnosis of male breast cancer with nipple discharge. A case report","volume":"30","author":"Fujii M","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Significance of bloody breast nipple discharge in men","volume":"15","author":"Johnson TL","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cytopathology\u2010ASCP Check Sample"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"415","article-title":"Aspiration of the breast and nipple discharge cytology","volume":"163","author":"Knight DC","year":"1986","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"35","article-title":"Cytologic studies of nipple discharges","volume":"26","author":"Takeda T","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1982.tb06125.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"522","article-title":"Cytologic diagnosis of breast carcinoma with nipple discharge. Special significance of the spherical cell cluster","volume":"24","author":"Uei Y","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdc.2840070107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.2840070107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T21:08:18Z","timestamp":1698095298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dc.2840070107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dc.2840070107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.2840070107","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1039","1097-0339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1039","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]}}}