{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:25:50Z","timestamp":1770823550765,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]],"date-time":"2006-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4090,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Germ cell tumors (GCT) are neoplasms that originate predominately in the ovary and testis. Tumors of germ cell origin only very uncommonly arise in extragonadal sites. We have diagnosed ten primary malignant extragonadal GCT arising in the mediastinum, retroperitoneum, liver, and sacrococcygeal region by fine\u2010needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Patient ages ranged from 1 to 54 years; the majority were males. Our series included three seminomas, three yolk sac tumors (YST), one choriocarcinoma, one embryonal carcinoma, and two mixed, poorly differentiated GCT. in aspirates, seminomatous elements are dissociated with uniform mononucleate cells having large vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. A tigroid background is produced with Diff\u2010Quik\u2014stained smears. YST yields cohesive clusters of cells with large nuclei, vacuolated cytoplasm, and extracellular hyaline matrix (spheres or hyaline globules). Giant multinucleate tumor cells are seen in choriocarcinoma. Embryonal carcinoma yields cellular smears of hyperchromatic cells with scant cytoplasm arranged predominantly in glandular or papillary formations. Ultrastructural (four cases) and immunocytochemical (seven cases) studies of aspirated material corroborated our cytologic interpretations. Aneuploid tumor cells were found by flow cytometry in aspirated material from a YST. Subsequent histologic examinations were performed on eight, and all were confirmatory. Although extragonadal GCT are relatively uncommon, they need to be considered in FNAB material from midline mass lesions. Ancillary studies were useful in confirming their diagnosis. \u00a9 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.2840120306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,22]],"date-time":"2007-02-22T03:34:06Z","timestamp":1172115246000},"page":"223-229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Extragonadal germ cell tumors: A fine\u2010needle aspiration biopsy study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kim A.","family":"Collins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim R.","family":"Geisinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Paul E.","family":"Wakely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Olympio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan F.","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-5628-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(83)80004-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"121","article-title":"Yolk sac tumor of the liver","volume":"4","author":"Wakely PE","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.40.11.1324"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197508)36:2<595::AID-CNCR2820360241>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"543","article-title":"Primary mediastinal embryonal carcinoma and choriocarcinoma","volume":"30","author":"Sangalli G","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.2840060206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"255","article-title":"Exfoliative cytology of malignant germ cell tumors","volume":"19","author":"Hajdu SI","year":"1975","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.2840060308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"417","article-title":"Diagnostic value of hyaline globules in endodermal sinus tumor","volume":"25","author":"Morimoto N","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Advances in immunohistochemistry","author":"DeLellis RA","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","volume-title":"Manual and atlas of fine Needle aspiration cytology","author":"Orell SR","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"245","article-title":"Cytologic diagnosis of metastatic germ cell tumors","volume":"27","author":"Kapila K","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","volume-title":"Immunoperoxidase techniques: a practical approach to tumor diagnosis","author":"Nadji M","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Immunohistopathology, a practical approach to diagnosis","author":"Elias JM","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197706)39:6<2365::AID-CNCR2820390609>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ssu.2980060604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19870801)60:3<353::AID-CNCR2820600312>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197411)34:5<1722::AID-CNCR2820340521>3.0.CO;2-F"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdc.2840120306","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.2840120306","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T14:13:55Z","timestamp":1698243235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dc.2840120306"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dc.2840120306"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.2840120306","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1039","1097-0339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1039","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]}}}