{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:38:03Z","timestamp":1784259483952,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]],"date-time":"2006-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3906,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Carbon\u2010laden macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage have been noted to be associated with a history of crack smoking. We report herein the finding of carbon\u2010laden macrophages in four cytological preparations of pleural fluid from two crack smokers. The etiology of the two patients' pleural effusions differed; neither had a bronchopleural fistula. Patient 1 had AIDS, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and Kaposi's sarcoma of the right lung with an associated bilateral pleural effusion. Patient 2 was HIV seropositive, had pulmonary tuberculosis, hepatitis A, B, and C, cardiomyopathy, pulmonary embolism, and bilateral pleural effusions, the latter of which were probably due to cardio\u2010pulmonary dysfunction. An additional two crack smokers with pleural effusions due to malignancy, one primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma and the other metastatic melanoma, did not have carbon\u2010like material in their pleural fluid cytology. We hypothesize that intracellular accumulation of carbonaceous material in the lung parenchyma and pleural space occurs when normal clearance mechanisms are overwhelmed. \u00a9 1995 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.2840130408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,22]],"date-time":"2007-02-22T05:15:51Z","timestamp":1172121351000},"page":"316-319","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Carbon\u2010laden macrophages in pleural fluid of crack smokers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Baljit","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Greenebaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randolph","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/100.5.481"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.4.1171"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"339","article-title":"Association of asthma and freebase smoking","volume":"60","author":"Rebhun J","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.92.4.638"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.1.92"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(89)80401-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"100","volume-title":"Pathology of occupational lung disease","author":"Churg A","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952999108992806"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"501","article-title":"Pulmonary oxalosis caused by Aspergillus niger","volume":"129","author":"Metzger JB","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"169","volume-title":"The pleura in health and disease","author":"Staub NC","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"12","article-title":"The preformed stomas connecting the pleural cavity and the lymphatics in the parietal pleura","volume":"111","author":"Wang NS","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1954.34.3.419"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001510409"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.1.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"277","article-title":"The Chicago AIDS autopsy study: opportunistic infections, neoplasms, and findings from selected organ systems with a comparison to national data","volume":"2","author":"Miller\u2010Catchpole R","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/81.1.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198605000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90175-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.6.1763"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00523-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/100.5.475"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdc.2840130408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.2840130408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T06:44:15Z","timestamp":1698302655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dc.2840130408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dc.2840130408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.2840130408","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1039","1097-0339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1039","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]}}}