{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T04:07:10Z","timestamp":1778990830203,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multiple myeloma is a relatively common hematologic malignancy; however, serous cavity effusions occur infrequently, and bona fide myelomatous effusions are exceedingly rare, typically representing an advanced, biologically aggressive variant associated with dismal outcomes. We report a compelling case of a 50\u2010year\u2010old patient with established multiple myeloma who developed leukemic transformation with concurrent pleural cavity infiltration while receiving systemic chemotherapy. The patient exhibited rapidly progressive dyspnea, a nonproductive cough, and debilitating fatigue in the days preceding admission. Cross\u2010sectional imaging demonstrated a massive pleural effusion accompanied by partial ipsilateral pulmonary collapse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Cytopathologic examination of the pleural fluid revealed a predominance of atypical plasma cells and plasmablasts with marked dysmorphism, unequivocally confirming a myelomatous pleural effusion. Although hematologic neoplasms are well\u2010recognized etiologies of body cavity effusions, the possibility of myelomatous involvement\u2014albeit rare\u2014must be judiciously entertained, as it heralds a distinct biologic trajectory and necessitates tailored therapeutic strategies that diverge substantially from the management of more common etiologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This case underscores the need for heightened clinical vigilance and timely cytologic assessment in patients with multiple myeloma who present with new or unexplained serous effusions, as early identification of pleural involvement may influence both therapeutic decision\u2010making and prognostication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.70101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T04:32:26Z","timestamp":1771648346000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Myelomatous Pleural Effusion: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4274-2701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinjal","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Medical Sciences  Jaipur Rajasthan India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8858-6313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"Modi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Medical Sciences  Jaipur Rajasthan India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4273-7654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avinash","family":"Munshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Medical Sciences  Jaipur Rajasthan India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sima","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Head of the Department, Pathology National Institute of Medical Sciences  Jaipur Rajasthan India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9297-5400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pranab","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Director of Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Professor of Pathology National Institute of Medical Sciences  Jaipur Rajasthan India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1279","volume-title":"Williams Hematology","author":"Beutler E.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199701000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970\u20109371.177147"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"68","article-title":"Myelomatous Pleural Effusion","volume":"6","author":"Shirdel A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tanaffos"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.2.622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"734","article-title":"Myelomatous Pleural Effusion","volume":"53","author":"Gogia A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAPI"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"533","article-title":"Cytological Diagnosis of Malignant Pleural Effusion in Myeloma","volume":"101","author":"Kapadia S. B.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2004.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2000.15.2.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"738","article-title":"Myelomatous Pleural Effusion","volume":"54","author":"Ghosh S.","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAPI"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.70101","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/dc.70101","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dc.70101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T04:03:03Z","timestamp":1778990583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dc.70101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dc.70101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.70101","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1039","1097-0339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1039","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}