{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:06:27Z","timestamp":1760403987048,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Development Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The growing resistance of malarial parasites to antiplasmodial drugs has necessitated the development of a new class of potent molecules to reduce the global malaria burden. This study evaluated the antimalarial efficacy of the cationic lipid stearylamine (SA) on blood\u2010stage <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> using SYBR\u2010Green I assay. We conducted in vitro studies to assess the timing of SA action in drug\u2010sensitive (<jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>3D7) and chloroquine\u2010resistant (<jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>INDO) strains of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>. Notably, SA demonstrated fast\u2010acting cytostatic potential with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>s) values of 2.17, 1.97, and 1.33\u2009\u00b5g\/mL for <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>3D7 and 3.50, 2.76, and 1.94\u2009\u00b5g\/mL for <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>INDO during the first generation cycle (12, 24, and 48\u2009h), and the activity was maintained during the second generation cycle with IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values at 72\u2009h (1.15\u2009\u00b5g\/mL on <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>3D7 and 1.65\u2009\u00b5g\/mL on <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>INDO) and 96\u2009h (1.43\u2009\u00b5g\/mL on <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>3D7 and 1.10\u2009\u00b5g\/mL on <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>INDO). Additionally, we explored the cytocidal potential of SA by exposing the parasites for 1, 2, 4, and 6\u2009h and subsequent incubation for 48\u2009h in SA\u2010free conditions, which revealed an average IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> value of 1.68\u2009\u00b5g\/mL, demonstrating its irreversible parasite growth arrest. Moreover, SA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production at IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> concentrations, with minimal hemolytic effects. Our findings indicated that incorporating SA into lipid vehicles or other delivery systems loaded with antimalarial drugs can significantly reduce drug toxicity, enhance efficacy, and slow clinical resistance. Nevertheless, further preclinical studies are warranted to advance the antimalarial drug discovery pipeline.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.70147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T06:15:32Z","timestamp":1755584132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cationic Lipid Stearylamine Displays Fast\u2010Acting Antimalarial Action Against In Vitro Blood Stages of Chloroquine Susceptible and Resistant <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i> Strains"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1453-1139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinoth","family":"Rajendran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Puducherry India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0887-2922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keerthana","family":"Gurukkalot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Puducherry India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3374-0037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nimitha Cherthedath","family":"Naveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Puducherry India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"ASTM International West Conshohocken.2013. \u201cStandard Test Method for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm396"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-2-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.774899"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2017.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1739-1742.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/acph-2019-0054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000067908"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(05)00077-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03663-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-332"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hasan G. 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