{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:01:06Z","timestamp":1790776866112,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016341","name":"Korea University Guro Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["O2513561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["O2513561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Development Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Drug\u2010resistant bacteria such as Methicillin\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MRSA) and Quinolone\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (QRSA), are a growing problem, creating a need for the development of novel antimicrobial agents. In this study, we designed and synthesized two novel 1,4\u2010naphthoquinone derivatives,\n                    <jats:bold>LHN\u20101034<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>LHN\u20101035,<\/jats:bold>\n                    and evaluated their antibacterial efficacy. Both compounds exhibited great antimicrobial activity against a group of Gram\u2010positive bacteria, including MRSA and QRSA, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) ranging from 50 to 100\u2009\u00b5M. Mechanism studies revealed that the antibacterial effect is oxygen\u2010dependent. The compounds act as redox\u2010cycling agents that induce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which disrupts cell membrane integrity and leads to cell lysis. In silico assessments predict low intestinal absorption and skin permeability, suggesting these compounds are suited for topical application. In conclusion,\n                    <jats:bold>LHN\u20101034<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>LHN\u20101035<\/jats:bold>\n                    are candidates for developing topical agents against resistant Gram\u2010positive infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.70353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T07:59:47Z","timestamp":1784534387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Two Novel 1,4\u2010Naphthoquinone Derivatives as Potent Agents Against Multidrug\u2010Resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    and Pathogenic Gram\u2010Positive Bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6804-745X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"HyunChan","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haena","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8761-5914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji\u2010Hyun","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8227-8262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyunkyung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7987-3597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakwon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0407-3018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ki\u2010Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00092-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Mode of Action of Endophytic Streptomyces sp., SUK 25 Extracts Against MRSA; Microscopic, Biochemical and Time\u2010Kill Analysis","volume":"30","author":"Ahmad S. J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526523666230725103902"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi5000564"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky318"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1493"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612811319140003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2005.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1525047113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0625.2000.009003165.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12030628"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(78)52032-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27030616"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.5.3.213"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00036-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.2024.Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing(34th ed. CLSI supplement M100)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214108"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"141","article-title":"Beta\u2013Lactam Drug Resistance Pattern in Staphylococcus aureus Isolates: A Review","volume":"9","author":"Dilawer Issa K.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eurasian Journal of Science and Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0134(20010501)43:2<113::AID-PROT1023>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1401876111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.026385-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn500110a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz562"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555817817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.41.1118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00350"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094642"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-67.1.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ci0342728"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70318-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570-021-00313-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S002217240001158X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-1343"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16040496"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001196"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.67.4.593-656.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2014.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00058-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612811319230004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(24)00040-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b00104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2021.106103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ci6004299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Lipid Peroxidation: Chemical Mechanism, Biological Implications and Analytical","volume":"1","author":"Repetto M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lipid Peroxidation"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01368-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14756360903373350"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2202"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00218839.2020.1835250"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11020371"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.09.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo00408a041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2002.01594.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s101560070010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30141-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00270-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6976.12026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201505017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.2014.Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026622666220317162132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113632"}],"container-title":["Drug Development Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ddr.70353","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ddr.70353","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ddr.70353","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:34:41Z","timestamp":1790775281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ddr.70353"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ddr.70353"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ddr.70353","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-4391","1098-2299"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-4391","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2299","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70353"}}