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Among promising candidate molecules, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit considerable therapeutic potential owing to their unique mechanisms of action, potent anticancer activity, minimal off\u2010target toxicity, and low propensity to induce drug resistance. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the anticancer properties of AMPs, with a focus on their effects on both cancer cells and immune cells across diverse cancer types, clinical applications, as well as current challenges and future prospects. 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