{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:07:51Z","timestamp":1792062471519,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]],"date-time":"2009-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":348,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dev Disabil Res Revs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The goal of this study was to contrast the cognitive phenotypes in boys with 47,XYY (XYY) karyotype and boys with 47,XXY karyotype [Klinefelter syndrome, (KS)], who share an extra copy of the X\u2010Y pseudoautosomal region but differ in their dosage of strictly sex\u2010linked genes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuropsychological evaluation of general cognitive ability, language, memory, attention, visual\u2010spatial abilities, visual\u2010motor skills, and motor function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Study cohort: 21 boys with 47,XYY and 93 boys with 47,XXY (KS), age 4\u201317 years, and 36 age\u2010matched control boys. Both the XYY and KS groups performed less well, on average, than the controls on tests of general cognitive ability, achievement, language, verbal memory, some aspects of attention, and executive function, and motor function. The boys with XYY on average had more severe and pervasive language impairment, at both simple and complex levels, and the boys with KS on average had greater motor impairment in gross motor function and coordination, especially in running speed and agility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results from these large XYY and KS cohorts have important neurocognitive and educational implications. From the neurocognitive standpoint, the presenting findings afford an opportunity to gain insights into brain development in boys with XYY and those with KS. From the educational standpoint, it is critical that boys with XYY or KS receive appropriate educational interventions that target their specific learning challenges. These findings also provide important information for counseling clinicians and families about these disorders. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2009;15:309\u2013317.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.85","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]],"date-time":"2009-12-15T18:25:13Z","timestamp":1260901513000},"page":"309-317","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["An extra X or Y chromosome: Contrasting the cognitive and motor phenotypes in childhood in boys with 47,XYY syndrome or 47,XXY Klinefelter syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Judith L.","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha P.D.","family":"Zeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harvey","family":"Kushner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew R.","family":"Zinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Roeltgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0223(199704)17:4<363::AID-PD79>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1426"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1996.83.3f.1211"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Testicular function in XYY men","volume":"136","author":"Baghdassarian A","year":"1975","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Development test of visual\u2010motor integration: administration, scoring, and teaching manual","author":"Beery K","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320480312"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.1984.tb02013.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"301","volume-title":"The Y chromosome, part b: clinical aspects of Y chromosome abnormalities","author":"Benezech M","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021491"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Receptive one\u2010word picture vocabulary test manual","author":"Brownell R","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Bruininks\u2010Oseretsky test of motor proficiency, examiner's manual","author":"Bruininks R","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.123.2.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"383","volume-title":"ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology","author":"Close J","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"CMS\u2010children's memory scale manual","author":"Cohen M","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Conners' continuous performance test","author":"Connors Cam\u2010HSS","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1419611"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"621","article-title":"The XYY condition in childhood: clinical observation","volume":"44","author":"Daly RF","year":"1969","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"D\u2010KEFS technical manual","author":"Delis DC","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"California verbal learning test manual","author":"Delis DC","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Differential ability scales\u2010introductory and technical handbook","author":"Elliott CD","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Physical and psychologic parameters in children with sex chromosome anomalies: further follow\u2010up from the Winnipeg Cytogenetic Study of 14,069 newborn infants","volume":"22","author":"Evans JA","year":"1986","journal-title":"Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"XYY syndrome and other Y chromosome polysomies. 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