{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:47:18Z","timestamp":1753868838381,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DEN Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rectal tonsils are localized hyperplastic lymphoid tissues in the rectum, and the initial endoscopic findings are consistent with those for neoplastic lesions. However, rectal tonsils are benign entities, and the diagnosis should be made cautiously. A 70\u2010year\u2010old man presented with pain on defecation with rectal bleeding. Colonoscopy revealed a 3\u2010cm protruding mass in the rectum with mucosal erosion, but no malignant features were observed on forceps biopsy. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) showed that the lesion was a hypoechoic mass without blood flow. Fine needle aspiration under EUS revealed no malignant components, although the size of the lesion had shrunk, and symptoms, such as blood\u2010stained stool, tenesmus, and discomfort during defecation, had resolved. A second forceps biopsy showed intermediate\u2010sized lymphocytes without lymphoepithelial lesions. Based on immunostaining, the lesion was diagnosed as a rectal tonsil.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Rectal tonsils occur due to localized proliferation of reactive lymphoid follicles in the submucosa or muscularis mucosa. However, endoscopic diagnosis is difficult since less invasive treatment is performed for neoplastic lesions of the rectum to preserve the function of the anal sphincter. Diagnosis and treatment of small lesions might be possible by endoscopic resection; however, for relatively large lesions, formulating a diagnosis based only on biopsy specimens becomes even more difficult. Therefore, repeated biopsies might be helpful for the diagnosis of rectal tonsils and for excluding other neoplasms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/deo2.34","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T05:44:42Z","timestamp":1630561482000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spontaneous regression of a rectal tonsil presenting as a large submucosal tumor"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7361-6971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toru","family":"Matsui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterohepatology Tokyo Teishin Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Naitoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterohepatology Tokyo Teishin Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kengo","family":"Furutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterohepatology Tokyo Teishin Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoji","family":"Katoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterohepatology Tokyo Teishin Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterohepatology Tokyo Teishin Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenichiro","family":"Sekigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterohepatology Tokyo Teishin Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mitsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterohepatology Tokyo Teishin Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e318162c3ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i8.2563"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","article-title":"Long\u2010term prognosis of localized lymphoid hyperplasia of the rectum","author":"Hong JT","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003591576105400906"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1310140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31818ff45e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2015.48.4.302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"521","article-title":"Diagnostic endoscopic mucosal resection is useful for diagnosing rectal tonsil","volume":"31","author":"Nakamatsu D","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["DEN Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/deo2.34","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/deo2.34","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/deo2.34","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T13:17:00Z","timestamp":1692883020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/deo2.34"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/deo2.34"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/deo2.34","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2692-4609","2692-4609"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2692-4609"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2692-4609"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e34"}}