{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:56:55Z","timestamp":1791043015573,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,27]],"date-time":"2002-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1014768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children of different ages often perseverate, repeating previous behaviors when they are no longer appropriate, despite appearing to know what they should be doing. Using neural network models, we explore an account of these phenomena based on a distinction between active memory (subserved by the prefrontal cortex) and latent memory (subserved by posterior cortex). The models demonstrate how (a) perseveration occurs when an active memory of currently relevant knowledge is insufficiently strong to overcome a latent bias established by previous experience, (b) apparent dissociations between children's knowledge and action may reflect differences in the amount of conflict between active and latent memories that children need to resolve in the tasks, and (c) differences in when children master formally similar tasks (decalage) may result from differences in the strength of children's initial biases. The models help to clarify how prefrontal development may lead to advances in flexible thinking. \u00a9 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 40: 255\u2013265, 2002. DOI 10.1002\/dev.10033<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.10033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T23:09:26Z","timestamp":1030316966000},"page":"255-265","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":192,"title":["Active versus latent representations: A neural network model of perseveration, dissociation, and decalage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"J. Bruce","family":"Morton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Munakata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562174"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"The architecture of cognition","author":"Anderson J. R.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.1992.tb01685.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.108.3.624"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Attention and performance XVII","author":"Braver T. S.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(77)90034-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-2772(01)00013-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.97.3.332"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/386604a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.99.1.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1989.1.3.244"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/1.1.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1130099"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00248277"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.14.1.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/5929.001.0001","volume-title":"Rethinking innateness: A connectionist perspective on development","author":"Elman J. L.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.100.4.571"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/11449-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-7687.00108"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1973.36.1.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(94)90068-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"373","article-title":"Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational memory","volume":"5","author":"Goldman\u2010Rakic P. S.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Handbook of Physiology: The Nervous System"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"360","article-title":"The performance of topectomized patients on the University of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test","volume":"3","author":"Grant D. A.","year":"1948","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009016820717"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.109.2.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1477.003.0039","volume-title":"Attention and performance XIV: Synergies in experimental psychology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive neuroscience\u2014A Silver Jubilee Volume","author":"McClelland J. L.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Parallel distributed processing. Volume 2: Psychological and biological models","author":"McClelland J. L.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8290960"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-16-05154.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1963.00460070100010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(00)00058-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Attention and performance XVII","author":"Monsell S.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","article-title":"Are you listening? Exploring a knowledge action dissociation in a speech interpretation task","author":"Morton J. B.","journal-title":"Developmental Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00318"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morton J. B. Trehub S. E. &Zelazo P. D.(2002).Representational inflexibility in 6\u2010year\u2010olds' understanding of emotion in speech.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-8624.2003.00642.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-7687.00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01682-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","first-page":"159","volume-title":"Handbook of developmental cognitive neuroscience","author":"Munakata Y.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.00361"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","first-page":"549","volume-title":"Unified theories of cognition. The William James lectures, 1987","author":"Newell A.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139174909.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/2014.001.0001","volume-title":"Computational explorations in cognitive neuroscience: Understanding the mind by simulating the brain","author":"O'Reilly R. C.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","first-page":"215","article-title":"Le mechanisme du developpement mental et les lois du groupement des operation","volume":"28","author":"Piaget J.","year":"1941","journal-title":"Arch. Psych., Genev\u00e9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Six psychological studies","author":"Piaget J.","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/87565649609540642"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/323533a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(92)90037-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.72.2.1020","article-title":"Covert attention suppresses neuronal responses in area 7a of the posterior parietal cortex","volume":"72","author":"Steinmetz M.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054651"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.95.1.3","article-title":"Neuropsychological studies of the frontal lobes","volume":"95","author":"Stuss D.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/87565649809540729"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/aicr.12.07zel"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-2014(96)90027-1"}],"container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdev.10033","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dev.10033","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T15:11:15Z","timestamp":1733152275000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dev.10033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,27]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dev.10033"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dev.10033","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-1630","1098-2302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-1630","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2302","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,27]]}}}