{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:10:55Z","timestamp":1792080655424,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,14]],"date-time":"2012-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1336953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescence is a developmental period of particular importance given the host of neurobiological changes that occur during this stage of development. Drug use and abuse is said to be a function of the balance of its rewarding and aversive effects, and any age\u2010dependent differences in morphine's aversive effects could impact drug intake. The present experiments examined the ability of morphine sulfate (0, 3.2, 10, and 18\u2009mg\/kg) to induce taste aversions in adolescent and adult rats under high (20\u2010min fluid access each day; Experiment 1A\/B) and low (50% of ad libitum access; Experiment 2A\/B) deprivation conditions. In both studies, adolescent and adult rats were given a novel saccharin solution to drink and were subsequently injected with morphine. Independent of the deprivation condition, adults acquired stronger aversions than adolescents and did so at a faster rate. On a subsequent two\u2010bottle aversion test, all morphine\u2010injected subjects drank a significantly lower percentage of saccharin than vehicle\u2010injected controls with adults exhibiting stronger aversions than adolescents. These age\u2010dependent differences in morphine\u2010induced CTAs extend the findings with other drugs of abuse for which adolescents exhibit weaker aversions. The possible basis for and implications of these differences were discussed. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 415\u2013428, 2013<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,14]],"date-time":"2012-05-14T12:56:49Z","timestamp":1337000209000},"page":"415-428","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Age\u2010dependent differences in morphine\u2010induced taste aversions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Zachary E.","family":"Hurwitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Merluzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony L.","family":"Riley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2005.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01307.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1978.tb09761.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0077382"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1177\/003329418104900101","article-title":"Taste aversion learning and long\u2010term retention in juvenile rats","volume":"49","author":"Balcom F. 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