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Youth gender was examined as a moderator of associations. Participants included 100 youth (53% boys; <jats:italic>M <\/jats:italic>age\u00a0=\u00a011.05\u00a0years, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.33; 43% ethnic minorities), along with their mothers and teachers. Youth and mothers participated in a laboratory protocol involving a peer problem\u2010solving conversation, during which youths\u2019 physiological activity was measured. Youth reported on their depressive symptoms. Teachers reported on youth depression risk via internalizing symptoms and emotion regulation (e.g., emotion lability\/negativity). Results from regression analyses revealed that youths\u2019 vagal withdrawal during the mother\u2010youth peer problem conversation was associated with lower youth\u2010reported depressive symptoms. Further, gender moderated the associations linking youth baseline RSA and RSAR with youth depression risk. Specifically, among girls but not boys, higher baseline RSA was associated with lower depressive symptoms and emotion lability\/negativity, and higher RSAR (i.e., vagal withdrawal) was linked with lower internalizing symptoms. Findings contribute to the relatively small literature linking youth parasympathetic functioning with depression risk, and point to specific implications for girls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,12]],"date-time":"2019-05-12T23:18:42Z","timestamp":1557703122000},"page":"1168-1179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The \u201cHeart\u201d of depression during early adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9221-7463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly M.","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development and Family Studies University of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development and Family Studies University of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph R.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL\/4\u201018, YSR, and CBCL\u2010TRF profiles","author":"Achenbach T. 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