{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T23:32:11Z","timestamp":1762299131186,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,31]],"date-time":"2019-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009473","name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009473","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study analyses, in children born in twin births, the relationship between reading, writing and arithmetic learning, on the one hand, and type of delivery, on the other, controlling for the effect of interaction and\/or confusion of third variables (maternal age at delivery, gestational age, fetal position, birthweight, 1\u2010min Apgar score). In the planned retrospective cohort design, the exposed cohort consisted of children born by caesarean section, and the non\u2010exposed cohort was comprised of children born vaginally. One hundred and twenty\u2010four children born of twin births were evaluated during their first year of primary school: K\u2010BIT tests were used to measure intelligence; the Eval\u00faa\u20101 battery was used to assess reading, writing, and arithmetic ability; and the children's clinical histories were analysed for obstetric and neonatal variables. After applying binary logistic regressions for each dependent variable, it was found that caesarean delivery in twin births appeared as a possible independent risk factor for specific learning disabilities (LDs) in reading, writing, and arithmetic. Based on these results, further research using larger samples and at more advanced ages is required in order to analyse the influence of obstetric and neonatal variables on the processes underlying specific LDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T02:29:00Z","timestamp":1572575340000},"page":"484-495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Type of delivery and reading, writing, and arithmetic learning in twin births"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0387-0725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda\u2010Jos\u00e9","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Valenzuela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. Psicolog\u00eda Evolutiva y de la Educaci\u00f3n Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda Universidad de M\u00e1laga M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Montiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. Psicobiolog\u00eda y Metodolog\u00eda de las Ciencias del Comportamiento Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda Universidad de M\u00e1laga M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Cazorla\u2010Granados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colegio Santa Rosa de Lima Fundaci\u00f3n de Ense\u00f1anza Santa M\u00aa de la Victoria M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Mesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c1rea de Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda Facultad de Medicina Universidad de M\u00e1laga M\u00e1laga Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S000156600000670X"},{"volume-title":"Manual Diagn\u00f3stico y Estad\u00edstico de los Trastornos Mentales. 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