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Nonetheless, children's CVT developmental trajectories are greatly variable, such that CVT can increase or decrease across the years. The present study examines the longitudinal effects of early stressful events and the role of 4\u00a0years CVT developmental trajectory on children's emotional and physical well\u2010being. Forty\u2010two 4\u2010year\u2010old children were enrolled. Number of stressful events and resting electrocardiogram (ECG) were collected at T1. ECG was registered again after one (T2), two (T3) and three (T4) years. Children's emotional and physical well\u2010being were assessed at T4 through the Child Health and Illness Profile \u2013 Child Edition (CHIP\u2013CE). CVT development was calculated as the angular coefficient, reflecting the developmental trajectory of CVT across the four timepoints. Results yielded that higher experienced stressful events predicted poorer emotional and physical well\u2010being after 4\u00a0years. The interaction between the number of stressful events and CVT development emerged on physical well\u2010being. Early stressful events negatively affect long\u2010term children's emotional and physical well\u2010being while a positive CVT development seems to mitigate the negative effects of early stressful events on physical well\u2010being.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,12]],"date-time":"2020-12-12T04:02:02Z","timestamp":1607745722000},"page":"1146-1155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The longitudinal negative impact of early stressful events on emotional and physical well\u2010being: The buffering role of cardiac vagal development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4578-9290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Patron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Psychology University of Padova Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Calcagn\u00ec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization University of Padova Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian F.","family":"Thayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Science The University of California Irvine CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Scrimin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization University of Padova Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.10082"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(03)00005-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2680.10.3.229"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2015.1038827"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2015.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2017.04.161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.0914"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2018.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2006.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800418779214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13287"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-7435(03)00123-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2348622"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00842.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.160.12.1232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2008.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62226-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"177","volume-title":"Perspectives on behavioral inhibition","author":"Fox N.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780111304"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5298\/1081-5937-41.3.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000175867.98628.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","volume-title":"Children and emotion: The development of psychological understanding","author":"Harris P. 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