{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T02:03:21Z","timestamp":1784081001311,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,31]],"date-time":"2021-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Robust literature supports the positive effects of kangaroo mother care (KMC) on infant physiologic stability and parent\u2013infant bonding in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Comparatively little is known about kangaroo father care (KFC) in the NICU, and KFC implementation has been limited. Our pilot feasibility study objective was to examine KFC effects on premature infants and fathers as compared to KMC. Parents of preterm NICU infants independently completed a 90\u2010min Kangaroo Care (KC) session on consecutive days. Infant heart rate variability (HRV) and apnea\/periodicity measures were compared (pre\u2010KC to KC; KFC to KMC). Additionally, we assessed the feasibility of administering three psychosocial questionnaires to fathers and mothers in the NICU and after discharge. Ten preterm infants completed 20 KC sessions (33<jats:sup>4\/7<\/jats:sup>\u201337<jats:sup>4\/7<\/jats:sup>\u00a0weeks post\u2010menstrual age). Results demonstrated similar infant physiologic responses between KMC and KFC, including significant differences in measures of HRV (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) between KC and non\u2010KC periods. Eighty\u2010eight percentage of questionnaires administered were completed, supporting the utilization of these instruments in future research of this population. If confirmed, these preliminary results identify an opportunity to objectively assess KFC effects, supporting the development of empirically based KFC programs benefitting NICU families.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T07:52:25Z","timestamp":1612165945000},"page":"1521-1533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Kangaroo father care: A pilot feasibility study of physiologic, biologic, and psychosocial measures to capture the effects of father\u2013infant and mother\u2013infant skin\u2010to\u2010skin contact in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1551-7083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie L.","family":"Vogl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma C.","family":"Dunne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4308-389X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simpson Querrey Institute Center for Bio\u2010integrated Electronics Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Rwei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simpson Querrey Institute Center for Bio\u2010integrated Electronics Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin K.","family":"Lonergan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley S.","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine Ann &amp; Robert H. 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