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Physiological regulation during social play and in response to sudden environmental changes or social stressors may play an important role in sustaining social engagement in infancy and facilitate the acquisition of early social\u2010communication skills. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of physiological activity during social play, including respiratory sinus arrhythsmia (RSA) and heart rate\u2010defined attention, in the early emergence of social\u2010communication skills. Using RSA as an index of vagal tone, we measured vagal tone, vagal suppression, and heart rate\u2010defined sustained attention during a social interaction with a caregiver (i.e., the Still\u2010Face procedure) in 21 infants aged 3\u20134 months. At 9 months, caregivers reported on their infant's early social\u2010communication skills. Results suggest that RSA, RSA suppression, and heart rate\u2010defined sustained attention to a caregiver are significantly associated with early\u2010emerging social\u2010communication skills at 9 months. In addition, RSA and heart rate\u2010defined sustained attention during social play were highly related. Suppression of RSA during the Still\u2010Face phase of the infant\u2013caregiver interaction emerged as a particularly strong predictor of later\u2010developing social\u2010communication skills, including 9\u2010month\u2010olds\u2019 ability to use eye gaze, facial expression, and gestures to communicate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T10:14:16Z","timestamp":1631614456000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Infant physiological activity and the early emergence of social communication"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3003-3738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drew H.","family":"Abney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Georgia  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327078IN0404_01"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401002012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.36.1.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579419000233"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9507.00072"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2013.843462"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21743"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327078IN0203_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2018.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12715"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2006.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2019.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21582"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1929"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2012.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.40.6.1068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2008.01255.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2825"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-0360-3_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1995.tb01213.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(03)00156-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2006.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","first-page":"708","volume-title":"Principles of psychophysiology: Physical, social, and inferential elements","author":"Porges S. 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