{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T22:29:42Z","timestamp":1757456982802,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ramps used to access swimming pools are designed with a shallow slope that affords easy access for all including infants. Locomotor experience has been linked to infants\u2019 avoidance of falling into the water from drop\u2010offs; however, the effect of such experience on infants\u2019 behavior when a slope is offered to access the water has not been addressed. Forty\u2010three crawling infants (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a010.63\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.91 months; <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>crawling\u00a0<\/jats:sub>=\u00a02.38\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.77 months) and 34 walking infants (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a014.90\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.18 months; <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>walking\u00a0<\/jats:sub>=\u00a02.59\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.56 months) were tested on a new Water Slope paradigm, a sloped surface (10\u00b0) leading to deep water. No association between infants\u2019 avoidance of submersion and locomotor experience was found. Comparison with the results of infants\u2019 behavior on the water cliff revealed that a greater proportion of infants reached the submersion point on the water slope than fell into the water cliff. Collectively, these results indicate a high degree of specificity in which locomotor experience teaches infants about risky situations. Importantly, sloped access to deep water appears to increase the risk of infants moving into the water thereby making them more vulnerable to drowning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T19:45:47Z","timestamp":1627847147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Do infants avoid a traversable slope leading into deep water?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9177-775X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Burnay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education Sport and Exercise Sciences University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"Centre of Exercise and Sports Science Research School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University  Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1158-8244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Button","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education Sport and Exercise Sciences University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4907-7186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Cordovil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIPER Faculdade de Motricidade Humana Universidade de Lisboa Cruz Quebrada Dafundo  Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3662-6908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David I.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marian Wright Edelman Institute San Francisco State University  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7457-0837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James L.","family":"Croft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1166199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013852"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17632\/3h4np82rwx.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/infa.12134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/infa.12419"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20109280.1992.tb00259.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027530"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0460\u201064"},{"volume-title":"The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception","year":"1979","author":"Gibson J. J.","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00797"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20108624.2012.01842.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"World report on child injury prevention","author":"Peden M.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"New Zealand Standards(2008).Standard for Swimming Pool Design NZS 4441:2008.https:\/\/shop.standards.govt.nz\/catalog\/4441%3A2008(NZS)\/view."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012\u20101649.21.1.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Royal Life Saving Society\u2010Australia(2016).National drowning report 2014. Royal Life Saving Floreat Forum WA Australia."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012\u20101649.44.3.734"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Justice. (2012 May 24).ADA 2010 Revised Requirements: Accessible Pools Means of Entry and Exit.https:\/\/www.ada.gov\/pools_2010.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0917(199709\/12)6:3\/4<149::AID-EDP154>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"volume-title":"Guidelines for safe recreational water environments. Volume 2: Swimming pools and similar environments","year":"2006","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_9_21_1"},{"volume-title":"Global report on drowning: preventing a leading killer","year":"2014","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1"}],"container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dev.22169","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/dev.22169","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dev.22169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T20:10:17Z","timestamp":1692994217000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dev.22169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dev.22169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dev.22169","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-1630","1098-2302"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0012-1630"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1098-2302"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e22169"}}