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It was hypothesized that infants with lower NA subscale scores who also demonstrate greater left frontal activation would exhibit more frequent social engagement and self\u2010soothing behaviors during the SFP. Mothers reported infant temperament at 6\u201312 months of age (<jats:italic>N\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a062), and EEG was recorded during a baseline task and the SFP. Social engagement, distress, and self\u2010soothing behaviors were coded during the SFP. A three\u2010factor solution emerged based on exploratory factor analysis of eight infant behaviors. After considering bivariate relations, multiple regression analyses predicting the behavior factor labeled social engagement (containing vocalizations and handwaving; average factor loading\u00a0=\u00a0.56) were conducted separately for asymmetry and NA subscales, controlling for infant sex and age. The SFP asymmetry predicted social engagement after controlling for covariates and baseline asymmetry; however, NA subscales (falling reactivity and distress to limitations) did not uniquely explain significant variance. These findings highlight the importance of frontal EEG asymmetry in contributing to emerging social engagement and regulation in infancy. Implications include potentially utilizing asymmetry markers as screening and intervention targets in the first year of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T18:56:11Z","timestamp":1634842571000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Understanding emerging regulation: The role of frontal electroencephalography asymmetry and negative affectivity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9079-008X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allegra X.","family":"Campagna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Washington State University  Pullman Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7729-1788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christie N.","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Washington State University  Pullman Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Gartstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Washington State University  Pullman Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327078IN0404_01"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcs.1430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/infa.12293"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327078IN0203_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10409289.2016.1183434"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2011.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.34.6.1428"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"1767","article-title":"Infants\u2019 responses to frustrating situations: Continuity and change in reactivity and regulation","volume":"65","author":"Braungart\u2010rieker J. 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