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We know, however, relatively little regarding the very long\u2010term (i.e., \u226510\u00a0years) stability of resting frontal EEG alpha power and asymmetry in typically or atypically developing populations. Here, we examined the long\u2010term stability of regional electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha (8\u201313\u00a0Hz) power and asymmetry at rest across a decade in the oldest known prospectively followed cohort of extremely low birth weight (ELBW; &lt;1000\u00a0g) adult survivors and normal birth weight (NBW; &gt;2500\u00a0g) controls. Regional EEG was collected at rest from the left and right frontal (F3, F4) and parietal (P3, P4) scalp sites using a stretchable cap during baseline eyes\u2010open and eyes\u2010closed conditions in young adulthood (ages 21\u201325\u00a0years) and again in adulthood (ages 30\u201335\u00a0years). We found moderate stability in regional EEG absolute alpha spectral power measures across all scalp sites for each birth weight group between the young adulthood and adulthood assessments. As well, we found the frontal alpha asymmetry measure was stable, albeit weakly, between the two assessment periods only in the NBW group. However, parietal alpha asymmetry was weak\u2010to\u2010moderately stable for each birth weight group across the 10\u2010year period. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding associations between individual differences in frontal and parietal brain activity at rest and long\u2010term stress vulnerability in typical and atypical development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T04:55:11Z","timestamp":1647492911000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long\u2010term stability of frontal electroencephalogram alpha power and asymmetry at rest in adults born at extremely low or normal birth weight: A 10\u2010year longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7954-0664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis A.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience &amp; Behaviour McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2360-9540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristie L.","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience &amp; Behaviour McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Krzeczkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behaviour Neurosciences McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan J.","family":"Van Lieshout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behaviour Neurosciences McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saroj","family":"Saigal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0902-7512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen J.","family":"Mathewson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience &amp; Behaviour McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.2003.00149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.135012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.24.3264"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469\u20108986.3640430"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710002357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12866"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388\u20102457(01)00488\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003\u2010066X.55.11.1196"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.1985.tb01615.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"419","article-title":"Laterality and emotion: An electrophysiological approach","volume":"3","author":"Davidson R. 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