{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:47:09Z","timestamp":1753868829933,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>All terrestrial vertebrate life must transition from aquatic gas exchange in the embryonic environment to aerial or pulmonary respiration at birth. In addition to being able to breathe air, neonates must possess functional sensory feedback systems for maintaining acid\u2013base balance. Respiratory neurons in the brainstem act as pH sensors that can adjust breathing to regulate systemic pH. The central pH sensitivity of breathing\u2010related motor output develops over the embryonic period in the zebra finch (<jats:italic>Taeniopygia guttata<\/jats:italic>). Due to the key role of chloride ions in electrochemical stability and developmental plasticity, we tested chloride's role in the development of central pH sensitivity. We blocked gamma\u2010aminobutyric acid\u2010A receptors and cation\u2010chloride cotransport that subtly modulated the low\u2010pH effects on early breathing biorhythms. Further, chloride\u2010free artificial cerebrospinal fluid altered the pattern and timing of breathing biorhythms and blocked the stimulating effect of acidosis in E12\u201314 brainstems. Early and middle stage embryos exhibited rebound plasticity in brainstem motor outputs during low\u2010pH treatment, which was eliminated by chloride\u2010free solution. Results show that chloride modulates low\u2010pH sensitivity and rebound plasticity in the zebra finch embryonic brainstem, but work is needed to determine the cellular and circuit mechanisms that control functional chloride balance during acid\u2013base disturbances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T06:50:51Z","timestamp":1719384651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chloride Modulates Central pH Sensitivity and Plasticity of Brainstem Breathing\u2010Related Biorhythms in Zebra Finch Embryos"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1037-6621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica R.","family":"Whitaker\u2010Fornek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University  Pocatello Idaho USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennie K.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University  Pocatello Idaho USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason Q.","family":"Pilarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University  Pocatello Idaho USA"},{"name":"Department of Dental Sciences Idaho State University  Pocatello Idaho USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2759"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.205.8.1161"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.786714"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-01-00294.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2010.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01153341"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2021.103717"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1659\u201010.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90986.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology","author":"Guyenet P. 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