{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:47:06Z","timestamp":1753868826682,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parental verbal threat (vs. safety) information about strangers may induce fears of these strangers in adolescents. In this multi\u2010method experimental study, utilizing a within\u2010subject design, parents provided standardized verbal threat or safety information to their offspring (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a077, <jats:italic>M<jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a011.62 years, 42 girls) regarding two strangers in the lab. We also explored whether the impact of parental verbal threat information differs depending on the social anxiety levels of parents or fearful temperaments of adolescents. Adolescent's fear of strangers during social interaction tasks was assessed using cognitive (fear beliefs, attention bias), behavioral (observed avoidance and anxiety), and physiological (heart rate) indices. We also explored whether the impact of parental verbal threat information differs depending on the social anxiety levels of parents or fearful temperaments of adolescents. The findings suggest that a single exposure to parental verbal threat (vs. safety) information increased adolescent's self\u2010reported fears about the strangers but did not increase their fearful behaviors, heart rate, or attentional bias. Furthermore, adolescents of parents with higher social anxiety levels or adolescents with fearful temperaments were not more strongly impacted by parental verbal threat information. Longitudinal research and studies investigating parents\u2019 naturalistic verbal expressions of threat are needed to expand our understanding of this potential verbal fear\u2010learning pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T11:02:34Z","timestamp":1720522954000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201cNobody Here Likes Her\u201d\u2014The Impact of Parental Verbal Threat Information on Children's Fear of Strangers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5962-4641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosima A.","family":"Nimphy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernet M.","family":"Elzinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC) Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9753-2454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willem","family":"Van der Does","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Leiden University Treatment Center (LUBEC)  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bram","family":"Van Bockstaele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Child Development and Education University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Centre for the Advancement of Research on Emotion, School of Psychological Science University of Western Australia  Crawley Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koraly","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010Edgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Child Study Center The Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michiel","family":"Westenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Psychology Institute of Psychology  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2942-171X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evin","family":"Aktar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC) Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12772"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22257"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association.2013.Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2008.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2009.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017376"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2007.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"242","volume-title":"Cognitive Neuroscience of Emotion","author":"Bradley M. 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