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However, limited research has examined these associations in diverse samples using repeated measures in infancy. This study assessed longitudinal change in telomere length across three time points in the first year of life (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 90) in a diverse sample of infants (53.3% female, 30% Black, and 35.6% Hispanic) from low\u2010 to middle\u2010income backgrounds. We also examined associations between maternal psychological stress, sociodemographic characteristics, COVID\u201019 pandemic onset, and infant telomere length. In this sample, female infants had longer telomeres than male infants. Additionally, visit timepoint significantly predicted infant telomere length, showing nonlinear patterns of change over time. Maternal psychological distress, sociodemographic characteristics, and the onset of the COVID\u201019 pandemic were not associated with infant telomere length. Overall, these findings suggest that infant telomere length is dynamic in the first year of life, although larger and more socioeconomically heterogeneous samples may be needed to detect the effects of stress on infant telomere length.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.70047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T14:48:20Z","timestamp":1747147700000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Telomere Length and Change Among Infants Growing up in Low\u2010 to Mid\u2010Income Households"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8628-358X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgia F.","family":"Celestin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine Boston Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara J.","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology York University  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane","family":"Valdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine Boston Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sa\u00fal A.","family":"Urbina\u2010Johanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine Boston Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Harvard University  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Harvard T.H. 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