{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T05:56:47Z","timestamp":1790488607432,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,3]],"date-time":"2014-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.30771024, No.30900502, No.30800344, No.81270955, No.81200561 and No.81070680"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.30771024, No.30900502, No.30800344, No.81270955, No.81200561 and No.81070680"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007848","name":"Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No.2009056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2009056"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Basic Research Program of China 973 Program","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No.2011CB910201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2011CB910201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Scientific Research project supported by Huashan Hospital, Fudan University"},{"name":"Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology of China","award":["No.10JC1401002, No.11PJ1402000, No.11411951900, and No.11DJ1400100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.10JC1401002, No.11PJ1402000, No.11411951900, and No.11DJ1400100"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007279","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. XYQ2011002 and No.2010J014B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. XYQ2011002 and No.2010J014B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007279","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the China 985 Project","award":["No.985III-YFX0302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.985III-YFX0302"]}]},{"name":"Young Science Fund of Fudan University","award":["No.09FQ71"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.09FQ71"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Metabolism Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important for energy expenditure through thermogenesis, although its regulatory factors are not well known in humans. There is evidence suggesting that thyroid hormones affect BAT functions in some mammals, but the effects of thyroid hormones on BAT activity in humans are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thyroid hormones on glucose metabolism of BAT and other organs in humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine Graves' disease\u2010caused hyperthyroid patients who were newly diagnosed and untreated were studied. Putative brown adipose tissue activity was determined by the integrated <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010fluorodeoxyglucose (<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010FDG) positron\u2010emission tomography and computed tomography (PET\u2010CT). All hyperthyroid patients were treated with methimazole and had been monitored until their symptoms disappeared and thyroid hormone levels returned to normal. At the end, a second PET\u2010CT scan was performed. The average follow\u2010up period was 77 days. Meanwhile, compared with a group of seventy\u2010five brown adipose tissue\u2010negative controls, thyroid hormones of seventy\u2010five BAT\u2010positive healthy subjects were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Active brown adipose tissue was not present in any of the hyperthyroid patients. However, one patient with normalized thyroid function showed active BAT after therapy. The free T3 levels and free T4 levels were significantly lower in the 75 BAT\u2010positive subjects than in the BAT\u2010negative subjects. All hyperthyroid patients showed symmetrically increased uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose in skeletal muscles before treatment, whereas, the standardized uptake value was substantially decreased after treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abnormally high circulating thyroid hormone levels may not increase brown adipose tissue activity, which may be limited by the increased obligatory thermogenesis of muscle in adult humans. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,14]],"date-time":"2014-05-14T03:12:51Z","timestamp":1400037171000},"page":"513-520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The effects of thyroid hormones on brown adipose tissue in humans: a PET\u2010CT study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Qiongyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongying","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuantao","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PET Center, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Department of Radiology, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengchun","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PET Center, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Department of Radiology, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihui","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PET Center, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Department of Radiology, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1984.64.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00015.2003"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"170","article-title":"Uptake in supraclavicular area fat (\" USA\u2010Fat\" ): description on 18\u2009F\u2010FDG PET\/CT","volume":"44","author":"Cohade C","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0b013e318126c01c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810780"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808949"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808718"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07182"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07221"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"1118","article-title":"Resting energy expenditure is sensitive to small dose changes in patients on chronic thyroid hormone replacement","volume":"82","author":"al\u2010Adsani H","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0543"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JADD.0000022604.22374.5f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1973.04200030026004"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"1299","article-title":"Unrecognized hepatic steatosis and non\u2010alcoholic steatohepatitis in adjuvant tamoxifen for breast cancer patients","volume":"7","author":"Murata Y","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2007.05212.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1995.5.481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(90)90041-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112239"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.77.2.382"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/281031a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(93)90047-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00652.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.137.8.8754756"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118806"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0297"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-18584"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010845"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"680","article-title":"Quantitation of thyroid hormone effect on skin perfusion by laser Doppler flowmetry","volume":"76","author":"Weiss M","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Diabetes\/Metabolism Research and Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdmrr.2556","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dmrr.2556","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T17:23:32Z","timestamp":1694625812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dmrr.2556"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dmrr.2556"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.2556","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-7552","1520-7560"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-7552","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-7560","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}}}