{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:51:23Z","timestamp":1788871883085,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,21]],"date-time":"2015-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000041","name":"American Diabetes Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1-05-CR-35"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-05-CR-35"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12HD055892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12HD055892"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK036904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK036904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1RR029879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1RR029879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Metabolism Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) have an elevated fracture risk. We therefore compared the associations of health behaviours and clinical factors with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone remodelling between premenopausal women with and without T1DM to inform potential interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants included women with T1DM (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200989) from the Wisconsin Diabetes Registry Study and age\u2010matched and race\u2010matched controls without diabetes (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200976). Peripheral (heel and forearm) and central (hip and spine) BMD, markers of bone resorption and formation, bone cell signalling, glycaemic control, and kidney function were assessed. Health behaviours and medical history were self\u2010reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In controls, but not in women with T1DM, older age was associated with lower bone resorption (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.006) and formation (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0007). Body mass index was positively associated with heel and forearm BMD in both controls and T1DM women (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), but with hip and spine BMD only in controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.005). Worse glycaemic control during the previous 10\u00a0years, greater alcohol intake, history of smoking, and lack of physical activity were associated with poorer bone outcomes only in women with T1DM (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.002), whereas use of hormonal contraceptives was related to low bone formation in both women with and without T1DM (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.006). Diabetes duration, insulin dose, residual C\u2010peptide, and kidney function were not associated with bone in T1DM.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age and body mass index may not predict bone health in T1DM women. However, modifiable behaviours such as optimizing glycaemic control, limiting substance and hormonal contraceptive use, and increasing physical activity may improve bone health in T1DM women. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]],"date-time":"2014-12-03T04:50:02Z","timestamp":1417582202000},"page":"421-432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Different health behaviours and clinical factors associated with bone mineral density and bone turnover in premenopausal women with and without type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Amber S.","family":"Kujath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing Rush University  Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauretta","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biobehavioral Health Science University of Illinois  Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary E.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Division University of Wisconsin  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara J.","family":"LeCaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Wisconsin  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Binkley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea R.","family":"Molino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transplant Surgery University of Illinois  Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9077-2092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirstie K.","family":"Danielson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of 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