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This study investigated the association in a Chinese population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study, including a total of 30\u00a0810 subjects from the Dongfeng\u2010Tongji Cohort study, was conducted. <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> status was measured via <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C urea breath test. Association analysis was performed by logistic regression, with multivariable adjustment for sex, age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, family history of diabetes, physical activity and the use of antibiotics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among a middle\u2010age and old\u2010age Chinese population, individuals with <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> infection also had a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (21.3% <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 20.2%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.026). <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> infection was associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes [odds ratio, 1.08 (95% confidence interval: 1.02\u20131.14); <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008] after adjustment for other confounders. The association was significant among women, those who were above 65\u00a0years old, not overweight or obese, and those who did not smoke, did not consume alcohol and without family history of diabetes. However, there was no interaction between <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and other traditional risk factors on type 2 diabetes risk. Subjects with <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> infection had a lower level of high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and higher levels of blood pressure (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), total cholesterol, HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> and fasting blood glucose (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) than those who did not.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggested that <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic> infection was associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in a middle\u2010age and old\u2010age Chinese population. Copyright \u00a9 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T13:55:18Z","timestamp":1436882118000},"page":"95-101","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["<scp><i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i><\/scp> infection is associated with type 2 diabetes among a middle\u2010 and old\u2010age Chinese population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaru","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Occupational Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health 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