{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:51:59Z","timestamp":1792198319121,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,26]],"date-time":"2016-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Metabolism Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Assessment of foot perfusion is a vital step in the management of patients with diabetic foot ulceration, in order to understand the risk of amputation and likelihood of wound healing. Underlying peripheral artery disease is a common finding in patients with foot ulceration and is associated with poor outcomes. Assessment of foot perfusion should therefore focus on identifying the presence of peripheral artery disease and to subsequently estimate the effect this may have on wound healing. Assessment of perfusion can be difficult because of the often complex, diffuse and distal nature of peripheral artery disease in patients with diabetes, as well as poor collateralisation and heavy vascular calcification. Conventional methods of assessing tissue perfusion in the peripheral circulation may be unreliable in patients with diabetes, and it may therefore be difficult to determine the extent to which poor perfusion contributes to foot ulceration. Anatomical data obtained on cross\u2010sectional imaging is important but must be combined with measurements of tissue perfusion (such as transcutaneous oxygen tension) in order to understand the global and regional perfusion deficit present in a patient with diabetic foot ulceration. Ankle\u2010brachial pressure index is routinely used to screen for peripheral artery disease, but its use in patients with diabetes is limited in the presence of neuropathy and medial arterial calcification. Toe pressure index may be more useful because of the relative sparing of pedal arteries from medial calcification but may not always be possible in patients with ulceration. Fluorescence angiography is a non\u2010invasive technique that can provide rapid quantitative information about regional tissue perfusion; capillaroscopy, iontophoresis and hyperspectral imaging may also be useful in assessing physiological perfusion but are not widely available.<\/jats:p><jats:p>There may be a future role for specialized perfusion imaging of these patients, including magnetic resonance imaging techniques, single\u2010photon emission computed tomography and PET\u2010based molecular imaging; however, these novel techniques require further validation and are unlikely to become standard practice in the near future. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,27]],"date-time":"2016-01-27T03:37:52Z","timestamp":1453865872000},"page":"232-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Assessment of foot perfusion in patients with a diabetic foot ulcer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Rachael O.","family":"Forsythe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh  Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Hinchliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St George's Vascular Institute St James Wing, St George's Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2013.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01640.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-32045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. SIGN 116. Management of Diabetes. A National Clinical Guideline.http:\/\/www.sign.ac.uk\/pdf\/sign116.pdf;2010 Accessed 18th May 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health Excellence C. NICE Guidelines [CG119] Diabetic Foot Problems.2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"Diabetes UK. Putting Feet First. Fast Track for a Foot Attack: Reducing Amputations.2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00005-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.9.2206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-2230"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.12.2107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-012-0471-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2011.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2006.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.03.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.06.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2009.0061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39217.473275.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2002.119505"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-153-5-201009070-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574409359430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(84)90069-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01446.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02841851.2010.504968"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2011.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2010.19.5.48048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198303000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(97)70062-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3400\/avd.oa08029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(92)90717-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2007.10.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2012.10.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"The determination of tissue perfusion and collateralization in peripheral arterial disease with indocyanine green fluorescence angiography","volume":"50","author":"Zimmermann A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Haem Microcirc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681200600125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2006.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-2246"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12778"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e3181d89b08"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979604701008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.06.012"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Arterial spin labeling perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the calf in peripheral arterial disease: cuff occlusion hyperemia vs exercise","volume":"17","author":"Lopez D","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Mag Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.605717"}],"container-title":["Diabetes\/Metabolism Research and Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdmrr.2756","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdmrr.2756","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dmrr.2756","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T21:24:29Z","timestamp":1695504269000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dmrr.2756"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dmrr.2756"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.2756","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-7552","1520-7560"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-7552","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-7560","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}}}